diff --git a/DorkNet.Server.Tests/CapturingHubContext.cs b/DorkNet.Server.Tests/CapturingHubContext.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6430fe8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/DorkNet.Server.Tests/CapturingHubContext.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+using System.Text.Json;
+using DorkNet.Server.Hubs;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;
+
+namespace DorkNet.Server.Tests;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Stand-in for the notify hub that records every push instead of sending it,
+/// so tests can assert on the exact frames the game client would receive.
+/// A frame is the hub method plus its single string argument, parsed back into
+/// the <c>{Id, Msg}</c> envelope.
+/// </summary>
+public sealed class CapturingHubContext : IHubContext<NotifyHub>
+{
+    private readonly ConcurrentQueue<SentFrame> _sent = new();
+
+    public IHubClients Clients => new CapturingClients(this);
+    public IGroupManager Groups { get; } = new NoopGroups();
+
+    public IReadOnlyList<SentFrame> Sent => _sent.ToArray();
+
+    /// <summary>Frames sent to a target such as <c>group:player:12</c>, in
+    /// order, optionally filtered by envelope <c>Id</c>.</summary>
+    public IReadOnlyList<SentFrame> To(string target, string? id = null) =>
+        _sent.Where(f => f.Target == target && (id is null || f.Id == id)).ToList();
+
+    public static string PlayerGroup(long playerId) => $"group:{NotifyHub.GroupForPlayer(playerId)}";
+
+    internal void Record(string target, IReadOnlyList<string>? excluded, string method, object?[] args) =>
+        _sent.Enqueue(new SentFrame(target, excluded ?? Array.Empty<string>(), method,
+            args.Length == 1 && args[0] is string s ? s : JsonSerializer.Serialize(args)));
+
+    public sealed record SentFrame(string Target, IReadOnlyList<string> Excluded, string Method, string Payload)
+    {
+        public JsonElement Envelope => JsonDocument.Parse(Payload).RootElement;
+        public string? Id => Envelope.TryGetProperty("Id", out var id) ? id.GetString() : null;
+        public JsonElement Msg => Envelope.GetProperty("Msg");
+    }
+
+    private sealed class CapturingClients(CapturingHubContext owner) : IHubClients
+    {
+        private IClientProxy Proxy(string target, IReadOnlyList<string>? excluded = null) =>
+            new CapturingProxy(owner, target, excluded);
+
+        public IClientProxy All => Proxy("all");
+        public IClientProxy AllExcept(IReadOnlyList<string> excludedConnectionIds) => Proxy("all", excludedConnectionIds);
+        public IClientProxy Client(string connectionId) => Proxy($"conn:{connectionId}");
+        public IClientProxy Clients(IReadOnlyList<string> connectionIds) => Proxy($"conns:{string.Join(",", connectionIds)}");
+        public IClientProxy Group(string groupName) => Proxy($"group:{groupName}");
+        public IClientProxy GroupExcept(string groupName, IReadOnlyList<string> excludedConnectionIds) =>
+            Proxy($"group:{groupName}", excludedConnectionIds);
+        public IClientProxy Groups(IReadOnlyList<string> groupNames) => new FanOutProxy(groupNames.Select(g => Proxy($"group:{g}")).ToList());
+        public IClientProxy User(string userId) => Proxy($"user:{userId}");
+        public IClientProxy Users(IReadOnlyList<string> userIds) => Proxy($"users:{string.Join(",", userIds)}");
+    }
+
+    private sealed class CapturingProxy(CapturingHubContext owner, string target, IReadOnlyList<string>? excluded) : IClientProxy
+    {
+        public Task SendCoreAsync(string method, object?[] args, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
+        {
+            owner.Record(target, excluded, method, args);
+            return Task.CompletedTask;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class FanOutProxy(IReadOnlyList<IClientProxy> proxies) : IClientProxy
+    {
+        public Task SendCoreAsync(string method, object?[] args, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) =>
+            Task.WhenAll(proxies.Select(p => p.SendCoreAsync(method, args, cancellationToken)));
+    }
+
+    private sealed class NoopGroups : IGroupManager
+    {
+        public Task AddToGroupAsync(string connectionId, string groupName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) => Task.CompletedTask;
+        public Task RemoveFromGroupAsync(string connectionId, string groupName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) => Task.CompletedTask;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server.Tests/NotificationContractTests.cs b/DorkNet.Server.Tests/NotificationContractTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af18fb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/DorkNet.Server.Tests/NotificationContractTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+using System.Net.Http.Headers;
+using System.Text.Json;
+using DorkNet.Server.Controllers.API.Inventory;
+using DorkNet.Server.Data.Entities;
+using DorkNet.Server.Hubs;
+using DorkNet.Server.Services;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SignalR;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Extensions;
+
+namespace DorkNet.Server.Tests;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Push frames checked against the 2023-03-21 client's notification readers
+/// (RecNet.Runtime). Every push is the hub method "Notification" with one
+/// JSON string <c>{"Id":"&lt;key&gt;","Msg":{…}}</c>; the client looks the Id
+/// up case-sensitively and parses Msg strictly into the handler's DTO, so a
+/// wrong key or shape drops the push without any error.
+/// </summary>
+public sealed class NotificationContractTests : IClassFixture<DorkNetServerFactory>
+{
+    private readonly DorkNetServerFactory _factory;
+
+    public NotificationContractTests(DorkNetServerFactory factory) => _factory = factory;
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Friend_request_pushes_each_side_its_own_relationship_and_an_inbox_message()
+    {
+        var (factory, hub) = WithCapturingHub();
+        using var setup = ApiClient(factory);
+        var sender = await GameClientSessionFactory.CreateAsync(setup, _factory.ApexDomain);
+        var target = await GameClientSessionFactory.CreateAsync(setup, _factory.ApexDomain);
+
+        using var client = ApiClient(factory, sender);
+        (await client.PostAsync($"/api/relationships/v2/sendfriendrequest?id={target.PlayerId}", null))
+            .EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
+
+        // RelationshipChanged "1" = the Relationship row from each side's view.
+        var toTarget = Assert.Single(hub.To(CapturingHubContext.PlayerGroup(target.PlayerId), "1"));
+        Assert.Equal("Notification", toTarget.Method);
+        Assert.Equal(sender.PlayerId, toTarget.Msg.GetProperty("PlayerID").GetInt64());
+        Assert.Equal(2, toTarget.Msg.GetProperty("RelationshipType").GetInt32()); // FriendRequestReceived
+        Assert.False(toTarget.Msg.TryGetProperty("Reason", out _));
+
+        var toSender = Assert.Single(hub.To(CapturingHubContext.PlayerGroup(sender.PlayerId), "1"));
+        Assert.Equal(target.PlayerId, toSender.Msg.GetProperty("PlayerID").GetInt64());
+        Assert.Equal(1, toSender.Msg.GetProperty("RelationshipType").GetInt32()); // FriendRequestSent
+
+        // MessageReceived "2" — the "X sent you a friend request" inbox row.
+        var invite = Assert.Single(hub.To(CapturingHubContext.PlayerGroup(target.PlayerId), "2"));
+        Assert.Equal(4, invite.Msg.GetProperty("Type").GetInt32()); // FriendInvite
+        Assert.Equal(sender.PlayerId, invite.Msg.GetProperty("FromPlayerId").GetInt64());
+
+        using var targetClient = ApiClient(factory, target);
+        (await targetClient.PostAsync($"/api/relationships/v2/acceptfriendrequest?id={sender.PlayerId}", null))
+            .EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
+
+        Assert.Equal(3, hub.To(CapturingHubContext.PlayerGroup(sender.PlayerId), "1")[^1]
+            .Msg.GetProperty("RelationshipType").GetInt32());
+        Assert.Equal(3, hub.To(CapturingHubContext.PlayerGroup(target.PlayerId), "1")[^1]
+            .Msg.GetProperty("RelationshipType").GetInt32());
+        var accepted = hub.To(CapturingHubContext.PlayerGroup(sender.PlayerId), "2")[^1];
+        Assert.Equal(40, accepted.Msg.GetProperty("Type").GetInt32()); // FriendRequestAccepted
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Favorite_pushes_the_callers_updated_row_to_the_caller_only()
+    {
+        var (factory, hub) = WithCapturingHub();
+        using var setup = ApiClient(factory);
+        var me = await GameClientSessionFactory.CreateAsync(setup, _factory.ApexDomain);
+        var other = await GameClientSessionFactory.CreateAsync(setup, _factory.ApexDomain);
+
+        using var client = ApiClient(factory, me);
+        (await client.GetAsync($"/api/relationships/v1/favorite?id={other.PlayerId}")).EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
+
+        var frame = Assert.Single(hub.To(CapturingHubContext.PlayerGroup(me.PlayerId), "1"));
+        Assert.Equal(other.PlayerId, frame.Msg.GetProperty("PlayerID").GetInt64());
+        Assert.Equal(1, frame.Msg.GetProperty("Favorited").GetInt32());
+        Assert.Empty(hub.To(CapturingHubContext.PlayerGroup(other.PlayerId), "1"));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Kick_is_the_flat_moderation_block_with_the_reason_in_VoteKickReason()
+    {
+        var (factory, hub) = WithCapturingHub();
+        await using var scope = factory.Services.CreateAsyncScope();
+        var notifications = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<NotificationService>();
+
+        await notifications.KickPlayerAsync(42, "Too loud", gameSessionId: 777);
+
+        var frame = Assert.Single(hub.To(CapturingHubContext.PlayerGroup(42), "22"));
+        var msg = frame.Msg;
+        // The handler only shows a reason for ReportCategory 10 + !IsHostKick.
+        Assert.Equal(10, msg.GetProperty("ReportCategory").GetInt32());
+        Assert.False(msg.GetProperty("IsHostKick").GetBoolean());
+        Assert.Equal("Too loud", msg.GetProperty("VoteKickReason").GetString());
+        Assert.Equal(777, msg.GetProperty("GameSessionId").GetInt64());
+        Assert.Equal(0, msg.GetProperty("Duration").GetInt32());
+        Assert.False(msg.TryGetProperty("Reason", out _)); // the old nested 2020 shape
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [InlineData(NotificationService.LogoutReason.SessionTakeover, 2)]
+    [InlineData(NotificationService.LogoutReason.ForciblyLoggedOut, 3)]
+    [InlineData(NotificationService.LogoutReason.Banned, 4)]
+    public async Task Logout_reason_is_the_numeric_enum(NotificationService.LogoutReason reason, int wire)
+    {
+        var (factory, hub) = WithCapturingHub();
+        await using var scope = factory.Services.CreateAsyncScope();
+        var notifications = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<NotificationService>();
+
+        await notifications.LogoutAsync(43, reason);
+
+        var frame = Assert.Single(hub.To(CapturingHubContext.PlayerGroup(43), "6"));
+        var value = frame.Msg.GetProperty("Reason");
+        Assert.Equal(JsonValueKind.Number, value.ValueKind);
+        Assert.Equal(wire, value.GetInt32());
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Presence_for_subscribers_goes_to_the_subjects_presence_group_minus_excluded_connections()
+    {
+        var (factory, hub) = WithCapturingHub();
+        await using var scope = factory.Services.CreateAsyncScope();
+        var notifications = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<NotificationService>();
+
+        await notifications.PresenceToSubscribersAsync(55, room: null, isOnline: true, statusVisibility: 0,
+            excludeConnectionIds: ["self-conn", "friend-conn"]);
+
+        var frame = Assert.Single(hub.To($"group:{NotifyHub.PresenceGroupForPlayer(55)}", "PresenceUpdate"));
+        Assert.Equal(["self-conn", "friend-conn"], frame.Excluded);
+        Assert.Equal(55, frame.Msg.GetProperty("playerId").GetInt32());
+        Assert.True(frame.Msg.GetProperty("isOnline").GetBoolean());
+        Assert.Equal(JsonValueKind.String, frame.Msg.GetProperty("appVersion").ValueKind);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [InlineData("""{"PlayerIds":[1,2,3]}""", new long[] { 1, 2, 3 })]
+    [InlineData("""{"playerIds":["4",5]}""", new long[] { 4, 5 })]
+    [InlineData("""[6,7]""", new long[] { 6, 7 })]
+    [InlineData("""{"PlayerIds":[]}""", new long[0])]
+    public void SubscribeToPlayers_payload_is_read_in_any_casing(string json, long[] expected)
+    {
+        Assert.True(NotifyHub.TryReadPlayerIds(JsonDocument.Parse(json).RootElement, out var ids));
+        Assert.Equal(expected.OrderBy(x => x), ids.OrderBy(x => x));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void Unreadable_SubscribeToPlayers_payload_is_rejected_not_read_as_empty()
+    {
+        Assert.False(NotifyHub.TryReadPlayerIds(JsonDocument.Parse("""{"Channels":[]}""").RootElement, out _));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void Consumable_mapping_push_has_exactly_the_clients_keys()
+    {
+        var wire = JsonSerializer.SerializeToElement(InventoryController.ConsumableMappingWire(new PlayerInventoryEntity
+        {
+            Id = 9,
+            ItemSlug = "some-consumable",
+            Quantity = 3,
+        }));
+
+        var keys = wire.EnumerateObject().Select(p => p.Name).ToHashSet();
+        Assert.Equal(
+            new HashSet<string> { "Id", "ConsumableItemDesc", "Count", "InitialCount", "CreatedAt", "ActiveDurationMinutes", "IsActive", "IsTransferable" },
+            keys);
+        Assert.Equal(JsonValueKind.String, wire.GetProperty("ConsumableItemDesc").ValueKind);
+        Assert.Equal(3, wire.GetProperty("Count").GetInt32());
+    }
+
+    private (WebApplicationFactory<Program> Factory, CapturingHubContext Hub) WithCapturingHub()
+    {
+        var hub = new CapturingHubContext();
+        var factory = _factory.WithWebHostBuilder(builder =>
+            builder.ConfigureServices(services =>
+            {
+                services.RemoveAll<IHubContext<NotifyHub>>();
+                services.AddSingleton<IHubContext<NotifyHub>>(hub);
+            }));
+        return (factory, hub);
+    }
+
+    private HttpClient ApiClient(WebApplicationFactory<Program> factory, GameClientSession? session = null)
+    {
+        var client = factory.CreateClient(new() { AllowAutoRedirect = false });
+        client.BaseAddress = new Uri($"http://api.{_factory.ApexDomain}");
+        client.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30);
+        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.ParseAdd("application/json");
+        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.UserAgent.ParseAdd("RecRoom/2023.03.21");
+        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.TryAddWithoutValidation("X-DorkNet-Version", "march_2023_03_21");
+        if (session is not null)
+            client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", session.AccessToken);
+        return client;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/FreeGifts/FreeGiftsController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/FreeGifts/FreeGiftsController.cs
index fa79373..aeeb463 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/FreeGifts/FreeGiftsController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/FreeGifts/FreeGiftsController.cs
@@ -56,9 +56,12 @@ public class FreeGiftsController(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationService notifi
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
         foreach (var row in created)
         {
+            // The full gift package, as GET api/avatar/v2/gifts lists it: the
+            // client consumes a gift by its Id, which the old hand-built
+            // payload didn't carry.
             await notifications.NotifyAsync(row.RecipientPlayerId,
                 PushNotificationId.GiftPackageReceived,
-                new { FromPlayerId = sender, CurrencyType = currencyType, Currency = currency, Xp = xp, Message = message });
+                DorkNet.Server.Controllers.API.Avatar.V2.AvatarGiftsController.ToWire(row.Gift));
         }
 
         return Ok(new { Success = true, Sent = created.Count });
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Images/ImagesController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Images/ImagesController.cs
index 163490b..dd7c971 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Images/ImagesController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Images/ImagesController.cs
@@ -1295,39 +1295,14 @@ public class ImagesController(
                  .Select(s => long.TryParse(s, out var v) ? v : 0L)
                  .Where(v => v > 0);
 
-    private Task NotifyAccountImageChangedAsync(PlayerEntity player)
-    {
-        var account = new DorkNet.Models.Auth.RecNetAccount
-        {
-            AccountId = (int)player.Id,
-            RawUsername = player.Username,
-            Username = player.Username,
-            DisplayName = player.DisplayName ?? player.Username,
-            ProfileImage = player.ProfileImageName ?? string.Empty,
-            TreatAsJunior = player.IsJunior,
-            HasBirthday = true,
-            Platforms = 1,
-        };
-        var selfAccount = new DorkNet.Models.Auth.RecNetSelfAccount
-        {
-            AccountId = account.AccountId,
-            RawUsername = account.RawUsername,
-            Username = account.Username,
-            DisplayName = account.DisplayName,
-            ProfileImage = account.ProfileImage,
-            TreatAsJunior = account.TreatAsJunior,
-            HasBirthday = account.HasBirthday,
-            Platforms = account.Platforms,
-            Email = player.Email ?? string.Empty,
-            Phone = player.Phone ?? string.Empty,
-            Birthday = player.Birthday,
-            JuniorState = player.IsJunior ? 1 : 0,
-            ParentAccountId = null,
-        };
-        return Task.WhenAll(
-            notifications.NotifyTypedAsync(player.Id, "AccountUpdate", account),
-            notifications.NotifyTypedAsync(player.Id, "SelfAccountUpdate", selfAccount));
-    }
+    /// <summary>Push the new profile image through the same account pushes
+    /// as every other profile edit: the owner's SelfAccountUpdate and an
+    /// AccountUpdate to everyone. A hand-built account here left out the
+    /// emoji, banner, pronouns, identity flags and creation date, so an image
+    /// change wiped them from the owner's cached account, and nobody else saw
+    /// the new picture.</summary>
+    private Task NotifyAccountImageChangedAsync(PlayerEntity player) =>
+        notifications.AccountChanged(player);
 
     private static string NormaliseTaggedIds(string? csv, long exceptId)
     {
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Inventions/InventionsController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Inventions/InventionsController.cs
index bfc06a2..2bdcd6e 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Inventions/InventionsController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Inventions/InventionsController.cs
@@ -1095,11 +1095,9 @@ public class InventionsController(
             });
             inv.CheerCount += 1;
             await db.SaveChangesAsync();
-
-            if (inv.CreatorPlayerId != pid)
-                await notifications.NotifyAsync(inv.CreatorPlayerId,
-                    PushNotificationId.InventionModerationStateChanged,
-                    new { Type = "cheer", inv.Id, From = pid, inv.CheerCount });
+            // No push: InventionModerationStateChanged ("100") means "your
+            // inventions' moderation state changed" and takes no payload; sent
+            // on every cheer it only made the creator refetch for nothing.
         }
         else if (!req.Cheer && existing is not null)
         {
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Inventory/InventoryController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Inventory/InventoryController.cs
index 2b63e37..6c2ee52 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Inventory/InventoryController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Inventory/InventoryController.cs
@@ -279,11 +279,11 @@ public class InventoryController(
         if (row.Quantity == 0) db.PlayerInventory.Remove(row);
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
 
+        // A consume always changes an existing mapping, so it is always
+        // ConsumableMappingRemoved (71) carrying the count that is left;
+        // Added (70) would make the client treat it as a new stack.
         await notifications.NotifyAsync(pid,
-            row.Quantity > 0
-                ? PushNotificationId.ConsumableMappingAdded
-                : PushNotificationId.ConsumableMappingRemoved,
-            new { row.Id, row.ItemSlug, row.Quantity });
+            PushNotificationId.ConsumableMappingRemoved, ConsumableMappingWire(row));
         return Ok(new { row.Id, Count = row.Quantity });
     }
 
@@ -332,8 +332,7 @@ public class InventoryController(
         if (source.Quantity == 0) db.PlayerInventory.Remove(source);
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
         await notifications.NotifyAsync(recipient,
-            PushNotificationId.ConsumableMappingAdded,
-            new { target.Id, target.ItemSlug, target.Quantity });
+            PushNotificationId.ConsumableMappingAdded, ConsumableMappingWire(target));
         return Ok(new { Success = true, SourceCount = Math.Max(0, source.Quantity), RecipientCount = target.Quantity });
     }
 
@@ -449,6 +448,26 @@ public class InventoryController(
         };
     }
 
+    /// <summary>ConsumableMapping push payload ("70" Added / "71" Removed):
+    /// exactly the client's mapping DTO <c>CGCALDBHLGD</c> (formatter
+    /// <c>JICIOMDBPDO</c>) — Id (Int64), ConsumableItemDesc (STRING, not an
+    /// object), Count, InitialCount, CreatedAt, ActiveDurationMinutes (Int32?),
+    /// IsActive, IsTransferable. The old <c>{Id, ItemSlug, Quantity}</c> parsed
+    /// as a mapping with no item and a count of 0.</summary>
+    public static object ConsumableMappingWire(PlayerInventoryEntity inv) => new
+    {
+        inv.Id,
+        ConsumableItemDesc = StoreService.TryGetConsumableItemDesc(inv.ItemSlug, out var desc) ? desc : inv.ItemSlug,
+        Count = inv.Quantity,
+        InitialCount = inv.Quantity, // the original purchase count isn't tracked
+        CreatedAt = inv.AcquiredAt,
+        ActiveDurationMinutes = (int?)null,
+        inv.IsActive,
+        // Same as GET api/consumables/v2/getUnlocked, so a push never flips
+        // what the inventory list says.
+        IsTransferable = false,
+    };
+
     private static object ToConsumableWire(PlayerInventoryEntity inv, StoreItemEntity item)
     {
         var type = StoreService.TryGetConsumableItemDesc(item.Slug, out var consumableDesc)
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Moderation/InGameModerationController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Moderation/InGameModerationController.cs
index 1b18de8..3a944eb 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Moderation/InGameModerationController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Moderation/InGameModerationController.cs
@@ -152,8 +152,6 @@ public class InGameModerationController(
         foreach (var target in ids)
         {
             logger.LogInformation("[mod] instant-kick by {Caller}: target={Target}", caller, target);
-            // Push the ModerationKick shape the 2020.12 client expects:
-            // Msg.Reason must be a ModerationBlockDetail object.
             await notifications.KickPlayerAsync(target, "Instant kick by moderator.");
         }
         return Ok(new { success = true, error = "" });
@@ -249,21 +247,14 @@ public class InGameModerationController(
             "[mod] ban by {Caller}: target={Target} reason={Reason} until={Until} display={Display}",
             caller, target, reason, p.BannedUntil, displayReason);
 
-        // Push the ban as a ModerationKick (22) with IsBan set, NOT as
-        // ModerationRoomBan (24): the 2023-03-21 client's moderation manager
-        // registers only 22, "ModerationUnkick" and 23
-        // (RecNet.Runtime/FPIBGPIAOBI.txt:310, :323, :335) — there is no handler
-        // for 24, so that push landed nowhere and the banned player kept playing
-        // until their next login. The 22 handler reads Msg.Reason as a
-        // ModerationBlockDetail, which ModerationKickPayload already produces.
-        await notifications.KickPlayerAsync(
-            target,
-            // `reason` is the numeric report category; DisplayReason is the
-            // moderator's text and is what the ban dialog shows.
-            string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(displayReason)
-                ? "You have been banned from this room."
-                : displayReason.Trim(),
-            isBan: true);
+        // Sign the banned player out with Logout "6" (Reason Banned). Not
+        // ModerationRoomBan (24): the 2023-03-21 client registers no handler
+        // for it (RecNet.Runtime/FPIBGPIAOBI.txt:310, :323, :335 register only
+        // 22, "ModerationUnkick" and 23), so that push landed nowhere. Not a
+        // ModerationKick either: a kick only sends the player to their dorm
+        // and they kept playing until their next login. The ban check refuses
+        // that next login.
+        await notifications.LogoutAsync(target, NotificationService.LogoutReason.Banned);
         return Ok(new { success = true, error = "" });
     }
 
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/PlayerEvents/PlayerEventsController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/PlayerEvents/PlayerEventsController.cs
index 261da81..3e507be 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/PlayerEvents/PlayerEventsController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/PlayerEvents/PlayerEventsController.cs
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ namespace DorkNet.Server.Controllers.API.PlayerEvents;
 public class PlayerEventsController(
     DorkNetDbContext db,
     NotificationService notifications,
+    SystemNotificationService systemNotifications,
     PlayerPresenceService presence) : ControllerBase
 {
     private long Me => this.RequireCurrentPlayerId();
@@ -817,7 +818,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         var extras = (await LoadExtrasAsync(new[] { evt }))[evt.Id];
         await ApplyBodyToExtrasAsync(extras);
         await SaveExtrasAsync(evt, extras);
-        await NotifyAttendeesAsync(evt, PushNotificationId.PlayerEventUpdated);
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
@@ -901,10 +902,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
 
         // Tell the creator someone RSVP'd. They can ignore but the
         // watch will refresh their event detail card.
-        if (ev.CreatorPlayerId != Me)
-            await notifications.NotifyAsync(ev.CreatorPlayerId,
-                PushNotificationId.PlayerEventResponseChanged,
-                new { ev.Id, From = Me, body.Response });
+        await NotifyResponseChangedAsync(ev, row);
         // Left as the historical shape on purpose: this route is 2020-only
         // (the 2023 client GETs .../responses and POSTs v1/respond instead),
         // so there is no 2023 DTO to match here.
@@ -947,10 +945,15 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         var existing = await db.PlayerEventResponses
             .FirstOrDefaultAsync(r => r.PlayerId == Me && r.EventId == evt);
         if (existing is null)
-            db.PlayerEventResponses.Add(new PlayerEventResponseEntity { PlayerId = Me, EventId = evt, Response = response });
+        {
+            existing = new PlayerEventResponseEntity { PlayerId = Me, EventId = evt, Response = response };
+            db.PlayerEventResponses.Add(existing);
+        }
         else
             existing.Response = response;
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+        var responded = await db.PlayerEvents.FirstAsync(e => e.Id == evt);
+        await NotifyResponseChangedAsync(responded, existing);
         return RespondResult(legacyForm, 0 /*Success*/);
     }
 
@@ -968,9 +971,18 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         var eventId = await ReadLongFieldAsync("PlayerEventId", "playerEventId", "EventId", "eventId");
         if (eventId is not long evt) return RespondResult(legacyForm, 2 /*NoSuchEvent*/);
 
-        await db.PlayerEventResponses
+        var deleted = await db.PlayerEventResponses
             .Where(r => r.PlayerId == Me && r.EventId == evt)
             .ExecuteDeleteAsync();
+        if (deleted > 0)
+        {
+            // PlayerEventResponseDeleted "84" carries only PlayerEventId.
+            var creator = await db.PlayerEvents.Where(e => e.Id == evt)
+                .Select(e => (long?)e.CreatorPlayerId).FirstOrDefaultAsync();
+            if (creator is long c && c != Me)
+                await notifications.NotifyAsync(c, PushNotificationId.PlayerEventResponseDeleted,
+                    new { PlayerEventId = evt });
+        }
         return RespondResult(legacyForm, 0 /*Success*/);
     }
 
@@ -993,6 +1005,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         // has to echo the event that was deleted.
         var extras = (await LoadExtrasAsync(new[] { evt }))[id];
         var attendees = (await AttendeeCountsAsync(new[] { id })).GetValueOrDefault(id);
+        var notify = await AttendeeIdsAsync(evt);
 
         db.PlayerEvents.Remove(evt);
         await db.PlayerEventResponses.Where(r => r.EventId == id).ExecuteDeleteAsync();
@@ -1000,6 +1013,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
             .Where(s => s.Key == ExtrasKey(id) || s.Key == ClubKey(id))
             .ExecuteDeleteAsync();
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+        await NotifyEventDeletedAsync(id, notify);
         return Ok(Wrapper(evt, extras, attendees));
     }
 
@@ -1021,6 +1035,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         evt.Title = Clamp(value.Trim(), 128);
         evt.UpdatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
@@ -1034,6 +1049,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         evt.Description = Clamp(value.Trim(), 2000);
         evt.UpdatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
@@ -1056,6 +1072,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         var extras = (await LoadExtrasAsync(new[] { evt }))[evt.Id];
         extras.SubRoomId = await ReadLongFieldAsync("subRoomId", "SubRoomId");
         await SaveExtrasAsync(evt, extras);
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
@@ -1072,6 +1089,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         if (start is null && end is null) return BadRequest("missing_time");
         evt.UpdatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
@@ -1085,6 +1103,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         var extras = (await LoadExtrasAsync(new[] { evt }))[evt.Id];
         extras.ImageName = Clamp(value.Trim(), 128);
         await SaveExtrasAsync(evt, extras);
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
@@ -1099,6 +1118,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         var extras = (await LoadExtrasAsync(new[] { evt }))[evt.Id];
         extras.Accessibility = accessibility;
         await SaveExtrasAsync(evt, extras);
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
@@ -1120,6 +1140,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         var extras = (await LoadExtrasAsync(new[] { evt }))[evt.Id];
         extras.Tags = tags;
         await SaveExtrasAsync(evt, extras);
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
@@ -1158,6 +1179,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
             ?? extras.CanRequestBroadcastPermissions;
 
         await SaveExtrasAsync(evt, extras);
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
@@ -1188,6 +1210,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         }
 
         await SaveExtrasAsync(evt, extras);
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
@@ -1197,6 +1220,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         var ev = await db.PlayerEvents.FirstOrDefaultAsync(e => e.Id == eventId);
         if (ev is null) return NotFound();
         if (ev.CreatorPlayerId != Me) return Forbid();
+        var notify = await AttendeeIdsAsync(ev);
         db.PlayerEvents.Remove(ev);
         // Cascade-clean the responses; SQLite has no FK cascade
         // configured here so do it manually.
@@ -1206,6 +1230,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         await db.PlayerSettings
             .Where(s => s.Key == ExtrasKey(eventId) || s.Key == ClubKey(eventId))
             .ExecuteDeleteAsync();
+        await NotifyEventDeletedAsync(eventId, notify);
         return Ok();
     }
 
@@ -1244,6 +1269,7 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
         var failed = new List<object>();
         var sender = Me;
         var inviteText = $"You're invited to '{ev.Title}' starting {ev.StartsAt:u}.";
+        var eventWire = await ToWireOneAsync(ev);
         foreach (var rid in req.InvitedPlayerIds.Distinct())
         {
             var exists = await db.Players.AnyAsync(p => p.Id == rid);
@@ -1252,17 +1278,15 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
                 failed.Add(new { InvitedPlayerId = rid, Result = 1 });
                 continue;
             }
-            db.Messages.Add(new MessageEntity
-            {
-                SenderPlayerId = sender,
-                RecipientPlayerId = rid,
-                Body = inviteText,
-            });
-            await notifications.NotifyAsync(rid,
-                PushNotificationId.PlayerEventCreated,
-                new { ev.Id, ev.Title, ev.StartsAt, From = sender });
+            // The invite as a text message from the host, stored and pushed
+            // live (it used to be stored only, so it appeared after a relog).
+            await systemNotifications.SendAsync(rid,
+                SystemNotificationService.MessageType.TextMessage, fromPlayerId: sender, data: inviteText);
+            // And the event itself, so it shows in the invitee's event list:
+            // PlayerEventCreated "80" carries the full event (MDCBEPJCJPO) —
+            // the same object GET api/playerevents/v2/{id} returns.
+            await notifications.NotifyAsync(rid, PushNotificationId.PlayerEventCreated, eventWire);
         }
-        await db.SaveChangesAsync();
         return Ok(new { FailedInvites = failed, Result = 0 });
     }
 
@@ -1289,21 +1313,56 @@ public class PlayerEventsController(
             "BroadcastingRoomInstanceId", "broadcastingRoomInstanceId");
         await SaveExtrasAsync(evt, extras);
 
-        // Attendees' event cards key off BroadcastingRoomInstanceId, so nudge
-        // them to re-fetch instead of sending a chat message.
-        await NotifyAttendeesAsync(evt, PushNotificationId.PlayerEventStateChanged);
+        // Attendees' event cards key off BroadcastingRoomInstanceId, so send
+        // them the updated event.
+        await NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(evt);
         return Ok(await WrapperAsync(evt));
     }
 
-    private async Task NotifyAttendeesAsync(PlayerEventEntity evt, PushNotificationId id)
-    {
-        var recipients = await db.PlayerEventResponses
+    /// <summary>Everyone who answered the event with anything but NotGoing,
+    /// except its creator.</summary>
+    private async Task<List<long>> AttendeeIdsAsync(PlayerEventEntity evt) =>
+        (await db.PlayerEventResponses
             .Where(r => r.EventId == evt.Id && r.Response != NotGoingResponse)
             .Select(r => r.PlayerId)
             .Distinct()
-            .ToListAsync();
-        foreach (var playerId in recipients.Where(p => p != evt.CreatorPlayerId))
-            await notifications.NotifyAsync(playerId, id, new { PlayerEventId = evt.Id, evt.Title });
+            .ToListAsync())
+        .Where(p => p != evt.CreatorPlayerId)
+        .ToList();
+
+    /// <summary>PlayerEventUpdated "81" to the attendees, carrying the full
+    /// event (MDCBEPJCJPO, formatter CENEMCMGDKG) — the same object
+    /// GET api/playerevents/v2/{id} returns; the client replaces its cached
+    /// event with it. The old <c>{PlayerEventId, Title}</c> overwrote the
+    /// cached event with an empty name and default times, and the
+    /// PlayerEventStateChanged (85) used for broadcasts has no client handler
+    /// at all.</summary>
+    private async Task NotifyEventUpdatedAsync(PlayerEventEntity evt)
+    {
+        var recipients = await AttendeeIdsAsync(evt);
+        if (recipients.Count == 0) return;
+        var wire = await ToWireOneAsync(evt);
+        foreach (var playerId in recipients)
+            await notifications.NotifyAsync(playerId, PushNotificationId.PlayerEventUpdated, wire);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>PlayerEventDeleted "82" ({PlayerEventId}) to the players who
+    /// were attending, collected before the rows were removed.</summary>
+    private async Task NotifyEventDeletedAsync(long eventId, IEnumerable<long> recipients)
+    {
+        foreach (var playerId in recipients)
+            await notifications.NotifyAsync(playerId, PushNotificationId.PlayerEventDeleted,
+                new { PlayerEventId = eventId });
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>PlayerEventResponseChanged "83" to the event's creator:
+    /// <c>{PlayerEvent, PlayerEventResponse}</c> (COAGAJPELCG), each the same
+    /// object the event and response REST routes return.</summary>
+    private async Task NotifyResponseChangedAsync(PlayerEventEntity evt, PlayerEventResponseEntity response)
+    {
+        if (evt.CreatorPlayerId == response.PlayerId) return;
+        await notifications.NotifyAsync(evt.CreatorPlayerId, PushNotificationId.PlayerEventResponseChanged,
+            new { PlayerEvent = await ToWireOneAsync(evt), PlayerEventResponse = ResponseWire(response) });
     }
 
     // ── Report ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Relationships/V2/RelationshipsController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Relationships/V2/RelationshipsController.cs
index 9d18383..4cb2bdd 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Relationships/V2/RelationshipsController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Relationships/V2/RelationshipsController.cs
@@ -48,7 +48,11 @@ namespace DorkNet.Server.Controllers.API.Relationships.V2;
 /// </summary>
 [ApiController]
 [Authorize]
-public class RelationshipsController(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationService notifications, ServerSettingsService settings) : ControllerBase
+public class RelationshipsController(
+    DorkNetDbContext db,
+    NotificationService notifications,
+    SystemNotificationService systemNotifications,
+    ServerSettingsService settings) : ControllerBase
 {
     // RelationshipType — int values match Relationship.RelationshipType
     // in the patched dump.cs.
@@ -226,7 +230,9 @@ public class RelationshipsController(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationService no
         }
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
 
-        await notifications.FriendRequestReceived(id, me);
+        await PushPairAsync(me, id);
+        // The "X sent you a friend request" row in the target's notifications.
+        await systemNotifications.SendAsync(id, SystemNotificationService.MessageType.FriendInvite, fromPlayerId: me);
         return Ok(BuildRelationship(row, me));
     }
 
@@ -251,7 +257,8 @@ public class RelationshipsController(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationService no
         rel.UpdatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
 
-        await notifications.FriendRequestAccepted(id, me);
+        await PushPairAsync(me, id);
+        await systemNotifications.SendAsync(id, SystemNotificationService.MessageType.FriendRequestAccepted, fromPlayerId: me);
         return Ok(BuildRelationship(rel, me));
     }
 
@@ -285,7 +292,7 @@ public class RelationshipsController(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationService no
 
         db.Relationships.RemoveRange(removable);
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
-        await notifications.FriendRemoved(id, me);
+        await PushPairAsync(me, id);
 
         var remaining = pair.Except(removable).ToList();
         return Ok(remaining.Count == 0 ? EmptyRelationship(id) : BuildMerged(me, id, remaining));
@@ -333,6 +340,8 @@ public class RelationshipsController(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationService no
             existing.UpdatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
         }
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+        await PushPairAsync(me, id);
+        await systemNotifications.SendAsync(id, SystemNotificationService.MessageType.FriendRequestAccepted, fromPlayerId: me);
         return Ok(BuildRelationship(existing, me));
     }
 
@@ -411,6 +420,10 @@ public class RelationshipsController(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationService no
         if (ignored is bool i) row.Ignored = i;
         row.UpdatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
+        // The HTTP reply is only an ack; the updated row reaches the client
+        // through RelationshipChanged. A preference is the caller's own bit,
+        // so only the caller is told.
+        await PushPairAsync(me, otherId, notifyOther: false);
         return Ok(new Models.Auth.RecNetResult { Success = true, Error = string.Empty });
     }
 
@@ -511,6 +524,36 @@ public class RelationshipsController(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationService no
 
     // ── helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
+    /// <summary>Push RelationshipChanged for the pair (<paramref name="me"/>,
+    /// <paramref name="other"/>) after a change, each side getting its OWN view
+    /// of the relationship. Without this a friend request, accept or unfriend
+    /// only showed up after the friends list was refetched, and the client
+    /// never re-subscribed to the new friend's presence.</summary>
+    private async Task PushPairAsync(long me, long other, bool notifyOther = true)
+    {
+        var pair = await db.Relationships
+            .Where(r => (r.RequesterId == me && r.TargetId == other) ||
+                        (r.RequesterId == other && r.TargetId == me))
+            .ToListAsync();
+        var globalFriends = await settings.IsGlobalFriendsEnabledAsync();
+
+        await notifications.RelationshipChanged(me, ViewOf(me, other, pair, globalFriends));
+        if (notifyOther)
+            await notifications.RelationshipChanged(other, ViewOf(other, me, pair, globalFriends));
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>The relationship from <paramref name="viewer"/>'s side, the way
+    /// <c>v2/get</c> would list it.</summary>
+    private static Dictionary<string, object> ViewOf(
+        long viewer, long other, List<RelationshipEntity> pair, bool globalFriends)
+    {
+        if (globalFriends
+            && other != RelationshipQueries.SystemAccountId
+            && !pair.Any(r => r.Status == EntityStatus.Blocked))
+            return SynthFriend(other, pair.FirstOrDefault(r => r.RequesterId == viewer), viewer);
+        return pair.Count == 0 ? EmptyRelationship(other) : BuildMerged(viewer, other, pair);
+    }
+
     private async Task<HashSet<long>> FriendIdsAsync(long playerId)
     {
         var rows = await db.Relationships
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Store/StorefrontsBuyController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Store/StorefrontsBuyController.cs
index 17bfd51..ce692fa 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Store/StorefrontsBuyController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/API/Store/StorefrontsBuyController.cs
@@ -156,9 +156,19 @@ public class StorefrontsBuyController(
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
 
         // Push the buyer's balance update so their wallet UI refreshes.
+        // StorefrontBalancePurchase "62" is PurchaseBalanceModificationDTO
+        // {BalanceAddType, Delta, Balance, Platform, CurrencyType}; Balance
+        // is the absolute new balance, Delta only feeds the client's log.
         await notifications.NotifyAsync(pid,
             PushNotificationId.StorefrontBalancePurchase,
-            new { req.CurrencyType, Balance = newBalance, ItemId = item.Id, item.Slug });
+            new
+            {
+                BalanceAddType = 0,
+                Delta = (int)-item.Price,
+                Balance = newBalance,
+                Platform = 0,
+                req.CurrencyType,
+            });
 
         if (isGift)
         {
@@ -166,24 +176,13 @@ public class StorefrontsBuyController(
             // GiftPackageReceived (id=30) to refresh /api/avatar/v2/gifts
             // and pop the "you got a gift" toast; the gift box itself
             // appears next time the recipient opens their inventory.
+            // GiftPackageReceived "30" carries the client's full gift package
+            // (FHMABOHAEED) — the same object GET api/avatar/v2/gifts lists.
+            // A hand-picked subset left out PlatformsToSpawnOn (-1 = every
+            // platform), so the box could count as spawning nowhere.
             await notifications.NotifyAsync(recipient,
                 PushNotificationId.GiftPackageReceived,
-                new
-                {
-                    Id           = gift.Id,
-                    Platform     = -1,
-                    Xp           = 0,
-                    Level        = 1,
-                    GiftRarity   = 0,
-                    GiftContext  = gift.GiftContext,
-                    FromPlayerId = gift.FromPlayerId,
-                    AvatarItemType = gift.AvatarItemType,
-                    AvatarItemDesc = avatarItemDesc,
-                    ConsumableItemDesc = gift.ConsumableItemDesc ?? string.Empty,
-                    EquipmentPrefabName = gift.EquipmentPrefabName,
-                    EquipmentModificationGuid = gift.EquipmentModificationGuid,
-                    Message      = gift.Message ?? string.Empty,
-                });
+                DorkNet.Server.Controllers.API.Avatar.V2.AvatarGiftsController.ToWire(gift));
         }
 
         // For gift purchases the buyer doesn't get a box — their flow
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Accounts/AccountsController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Accounts/AccountsController.cs
index d6c7af9..fa33d73 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Accounts/AccountsController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Accounts/AccountsController.cs
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public class AccountsController(
                 playerId, username, summary);
         }
 
-        await notifications.KickPlayerAsync(playerId, "This account has been deleted.");
+        await notifications.LogoutAsync(playerId, NotificationService.LogoutReason.ForciblyLoggedOut);
         presence.Clear(playerId);
 
         return Ok(new RecNetResult { Success = true, Error = string.Empty });
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Admin/AdminController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Admin/AdminController.cs
index 6a5fb11..d85cd22 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Admin/AdminController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Admin/AdminController.cs
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ namespace DorkNet.Server.Controllers.Admin;
 public class AdminController(
     DorkNetDbContext db,
     NotificationService notifications,
+    SystemNotificationService systemNotifications,
     LevelService level,
     CommunityBoardService communityBoard,
     RoomBlobNormalizerService roomBlobNormalizer,
@@ -160,7 +161,9 @@ public class AdminController(
         await LogAsync("ban_player", "player", id, body.Reason ?? "");
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
 
-        await notifications.KickPlayerAsync(id, body.Reason ?? "You have been banned.");
+        // A ban must sign the player out (a kick only sends them to the dorm);
+        // the next login is refused by the ban check.
+        await notifications.LogoutAsync(id, NotificationService.LogoutReason.Banned);
         playerPresence.Clear(id);
 
         return Ok(new { player.Id, player.BannedUntil });
@@ -243,7 +246,7 @@ public class AdminController(
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
         await tx.CommitAsync();
 
-        await notifications.KickPlayerAsync(id, "Your account has been removed by an admin.");
+        await notifications.LogoutAsync(id, NotificationService.LogoutReason.ForciblyLoggedOut);
         playerPresence.Clear(id);
 
         return Ok(new
@@ -1570,10 +1573,13 @@ public class AdminController(
         return Ok(new { ok = true });
     }
 
-    /// <summary>Push fresh RoomDetails after role/owner mutations. The
-    /// 2020 watch caches RoomDetails, including CoOwners/Moderators/Hosts,
-    /// and role-gated UI reads that cache until Rooms.OnSubscriptionUpdateRoom
-    /// stores a replacement.</summary>
+    /// <summary>Push fresh room details after role/owner mutations, to everyone
+    /// in the room plus the player whose role changed. The client caches the
+    /// room's Roles and role-gated UI reads that cache. The 2023 "RoomUpdate"
+    /// handler (IBEOONPEELF.txt:507) reads the FULL room (FGCPNAACHIK) — the
+    /// shape GET roomserver/rooms/{id} returns. The 2020 {Room, Scenes}
+    /// wrapper parsed as RoomId 0 with no roles, so role changes never
+    /// reached anyone until they re-entered the room.</summary>
     private async Task NotifyRoomRolesChangedAsync(long roomId, long changedPlayerId, string reason)
     {
         var room = await db.Rooms.FirstOrDefaultAsync(r => r.Id == roomId);
@@ -1587,7 +1593,7 @@ public class AdminController(
             .ToListAsync();
 
         var payload = DorkNet.Server.Controllers.API.Rooms.V2.RoomsController
-            .BuildRoomDetails(room, scenes, roles: roles);
+            .BuildRoomServerDetails(room, scenes, roles: roles);
 
         var recipients = onlinePresence.OnlinePlayerIds()
             .Where(pid => playerPresence.GetRoom(pid)?.RoomId == roomId)
@@ -1739,7 +1745,7 @@ public class AdminController(
         {
             var r = playerPresence.GetRoom(pid);
             if (r is null || r.RoomId != id || r.RoomInstanceId != instanceId) continue;
-            await notifications.KickPlayerAsync(pid, reason);
+            await notifications.KickPlayerAsync(pid, reason, gameSessionId: instanceId);
             playerPresence.Clear(pid);
             kicked.Add(pid);
         }
@@ -2396,7 +2402,9 @@ public class AdminController(
         var reason = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(body?.Reason)
             ? "Kicked by an admin."
             : body!.Reason!.Trim();
-        await notifications.KickPlayerAsync(id, reason);
+        // The room instance lets the client announce the kick to that room.
+        await notifications.KickPlayerAsync(id, reason,
+            gameSessionId: playerPresence.GetRoom(id)?.RoomInstanceId ?? 0);
         playerPresence.Clear(id);
         await LogAsync("kick_player", "player", id, body?.Reason ?? "");
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
@@ -3328,10 +3336,11 @@ public class AdminController(
         player.PasswordHash = BCrypt.Net.BCrypt.HashPassword(body.NewPassword);
         await LogAsync("set_password", "player", id, "");
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
-        // Push a logout so any active sessions on the old password get
-        // dropped — the watch re-authenticates with the new password.
-        await notifications.NotifyAsync(id, PushNotificationId.Logout,
-            new { Reason = "AdminPasswordReset" });
+        // Log out any session still on the old password; the client has to
+        // sign in again with the new one. The reason must be the numeric
+        // enum: the string "AdminPasswordReset" failed the client's parse and
+        // the push was dropped.
+        await notifications.LogoutAsync(id, NotificationService.LogoutReason.ForciblyLoggedOut);
         return Ok(new { id });
     }
 
@@ -3500,22 +3509,26 @@ public class AdminController(
 
         playerPresence.SetRoom(id, roomInstance);
 
-        // Two pushes back-to-back: GameSession update changes the
-        // watch's cached RoomInstance (OnSubscriptionUpdateRoomInstance
-        // → UpdateCachedRoomInstance), and SubscriptionUpdateRoom
-        // refreshes the watch's RoomDetails cache so the room-info
-        // panel doesn't show stale data after the warp.
+        // The move itself comes from the presence set above: the client's
+        // next heartbeat sees it is out of sync and joins that instance.
+        // RoomInstanceUpdate only refreshes the client's cached copy of the
+        // instance, and RoomUpdate its cached room details, which must be
+        // the full room (FGCPNAACHIK) the roomserver GET returns.
         await notifications.NotifyAsync(id,
             PushNotificationId.SubscriptionUpdateGameSession, roomInstance);
+        var forceJoinScenes = await db.RoomScenes
+            .Where(sc => sc.RoomId == room.Id)
+            .OrderBy(sc => sc.OrderIndex)
+            .ToListAsync();
+        // With every role grant: the client replaces its cached room with
+        // this, so a payload without them would drop everyone's roles.
+        var forceJoinRoles = await db.RoomRoles
+            .Where(r => r.RoomId == room.Id)
+            .ToListAsync();
         await notifications.NotifyAsync(id,
             PushNotificationId.SubscriptionUpdateRoom,
-            new
-            {
-                Room = new { Id = room.Id, Name = room.Name },
-                RoomId = room.Id,
-                SubRoomId = subRoomId,
-                Reason = "AdminForceJoin",
-            });
+            DorkNet.Server.Controllers.API.Rooms.V2.RoomsController.BuildRoomServerDetails(
+                room, forceJoinScenes, roles: forceJoinRoles));
 
         await LogAsync("force_join", "player", id,
             $"room={body.RoomId} sub={subRoomId} instance={roomInstanceId} photon={photonRoomId}");
@@ -3532,20 +3545,46 @@ public class AdminController(
 
     // ── System ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-    public sealed record SetMotdRequest(string Message);
+    public sealed record SetMotdRequest(string? Message, int? StartsInMinutes);
 
-    /// <summary>Push a server-maintenance broadcast to every connected
-    /// player. The MOTD config value is changed via appsettings.json
-    /// (server restart required); this is for ad-hoc announcements.</summary>
+    /// <summary>Broadcast to every connected player.
+    /// <list type="bullet">
+    ///   <item><c>Message</c>: a coach message (MessageReceived, Type 100, from
+    ///         the system account) in each online player's notifications —
+    ///         the client's channel for free text from the server.</item>
+    ///   <item><c>StartsInMinutes</c>: the client's own maintenance countdown
+    ///         (ServerMaintenance "25", which reads only
+    ///         <c>StartsInMinutes</c>; 0 cancels a running countdown).</item>
+    /// </list>
+    /// ServerMaintenance used to carry the text as <c>{Message}</c>, which the
+    /// client never reads: the text was never shown, and StartsInMinutes 0
+    /// cancelled any countdown instead.</summary>
     [HttpPost("broadcast")]
     public async Task<ActionResult> Broadcast([FromBody] SetMotdRequest body)
     {
-        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(body.Message)) return BadRequest("empty message");
-        await notifications.BroadcastAsync(PushNotificationId.ServerMaintenance,
-            new { Message = body.Message });
-        await LogAsync("broadcast", "system", 0, body.Message);
+        var message = body.Message?.Trim() ?? string.Empty;
+        if (message.Length == 0 && body.StartsInMinutes is null)
+            return BadRequest("empty message");
+        if (body.StartsInMinutes is < 0)
+            return BadRequest("StartsInMinutes must be 0 or more");
+
+        var recipients = onlinePresence.OnlinePlayerIds().ToList();
+        if (message.Length > 0)
+        {
+            foreach (var pid in recipients)
+                await systemNotifications.SendAsync(pid,
+                    SystemNotificationService.MessageType.CoachMessage,
+                    fromPlayerId: PlayerService.SystemAccountId,
+                    data: message);
+        }
+        if (body.StartsInMinutes is int minutes)
+            await notifications.BroadcastAsync(PushNotificationId.ServerMaintenance,
+                new { StartsInMinutes = minutes });
+
+        await LogAsync("broadcast", "system", 0,
+            body.StartsInMinutes is int m ? $"[maintenance in {m} min] {message}" : message);
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
-        return Ok();
+        return Ok(new { recipients = recipients.Count });
     }
 
     // ── Store catalog management ─────────────────────────────────────────
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Chat/ChatController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Chat/ChatController.cs
index 7e1f5f3..dece901 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Chat/ChatController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Chat/ChatController.cs
@@ -460,6 +460,20 @@ public class ChatController(
         var removed = await db.ChatThreadMembers
             .Where(m => m.ThreadKey == chatThreadId && m.PlayerId == Me)
             .ExecuteDeleteAsync();
+        if (removed > 0)
+        {
+            // "PlayerLeftChat" is an Action<ChatMessage> (DLDKCILCKNA.txt:721);
+            // the handler only reads ChatThreadId and SenderPlayerId (the
+            // player who left) and drops them from that thread's members.
+            // Sent to the remaining members, whose member lists otherwise
+            // stayed stale, and to the leaver's own other sessions.
+            var thread = await EnsureThreadRowAsync(chatThreadId);
+            var left = new ChatMessageEntity { ThreadKey = chatThreadId, SenderPlayerId = Me, Body = string.Empty };
+            var recipients = await ThreadRecipientsAsync(chatThreadId);
+            recipients.Add(Me);
+            foreach (var rid in recipients.Distinct())
+                await notifications.NotifyTypedAsync(rid, "PlayerLeftChat", ToWireMessage(left, thread.Id));
+        }
         return Ok(removed > 0 ? ChatSuccess : ChatMembershipNotFound);
     }
 
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Match/GoToController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Match/GoToController.cs
index ea74468..2da8e0f 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Match/GoToController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Match/GoToController.cs
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ public class GoToController(
     RoomService rooms,
     DorkNet.Server.Data.DorkNetDbContext db,
     NotificationService notifications,
+    SystemNotificationService systemNotifications,
     JoinTimeoutService joinTimeouts,
     ServerSettingsService serverSettings,
     PresenceBroadcastService presenceFanout,
@@ -877,11 +878,15 @@ public class GoToController(
                 logger.LogWarning(
                     "[goto-player] caller {Caller} tried to follow {Target} into private instance {Id} but isn't invited; rejecting",
                     callerId, playerId, theirRoom.RoomInstanceId);
-                // Notify the OWNER that someone tried to follow them in.
-                // Helps surface the rejection so the owner knows there's
-                // an interested party — they can choose to send an invite.
-                await notifications.PrivateInstanceJoinRejected(
-                    ownerPlayerId: playerId, attemptedByPlayerId: callerId ?? 0);
+                // Tell the OWNER someone tried to follow them in, as the
+                // client's own "wants to join" message (RequestGameInvite,
+                // from the caller), so they can send an invite. At most once
+                // per requester, owner and instance per cooldown, so retrying
+                // doesn't fill the owner's inbox.
+                if (callerId is long requester
+                    && JoinRequestCooldown.TryStart(requester, playerId, theirRoom.RoomInstanceId))
+                    await systemNotifications.SendAsync(playerId,
+                        SystemNotificationService.MessageType.RequestGameInvite, fromPlayerId: requester);
                 return Ok(new MatchmakingResponseDto
                 {
                     ErrorCode = 26, // RoomInstanceIsPrivate
@@ -1668,3 +1673,35 @@ public class RoomInstanceDto
         };
     }
 }
+
+/// <summary>Rate limit for "wants to join" messages: one per (requester,
+/// owner, room instance) per <see cref="Window"/>. Later retries and other
+/// instances still go through. Per replica, which is enough to stop a
+/// retry loop from flooding an inbox.</summary>
+internal static class JoinRequestCooldown
+{
+    public static readonly TimeSpan Window = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5);
+    private static readonly System.Collections.Concurrent.ConcurrentDictionary<(long, long, long), DateTime> Last = new();
+
+    /// <summary>True when no request for this key was sent within the window
+    /// (and records this one); false while it is cooling down.</summary>
+    public static bool TryStart(long requester, long owner, long roomInstanceId)
+    {
+        var now = DateTime.UtcNow;
+        if (Last.Count > 10_000)
+            foreach (var (key, at) in Last)
+                if (now - at > Window) Last.TryRemove(key, out _);
+
+        var k = (requester, owner, roomInstanceId);
+        while (true)
+        {
+            if (!Last.TryGetValue(k, out var prev))
+            {
+                if (Last.TryAdd(k, now)) return true;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (now - prev < Window) return false;
+            if (Last.TryUpdate(k, now, prev)) return true;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Match/MatchPlayerController.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Match/MatchPlayerController.cs
index 5d5a2d3..a5a4f95 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Match/MatchPlayerController.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Controllers/Match/MatchPlayerController.cs
@@ -69,17 +69,15 @@ public class MatchPlayerController(
             if (replaced)
             {
                 log.LogWarning(
-                    "[{Scope}] concurrent session for player={PlayerId}; takeOver={TakeOver}; kicking old session(s) via ModerationKick push",
+                    "[{Scope}] concurrent session for player={PlayerId}; takeOver={TakeOver}; logging old session(s) out",
                     logScope, playerId, takeOverExclusiveSession);
                 // The new session hasn't opened its SignalR socket yet
-                // (negotiate fires AFTER /player/login on the watch's
-                // boot sequence — verified in the live trace), so the
-                // ModerationKick push hits only the OLDER session's
-                // existing connections. They'll show the "you've been
-                // kicked" dialog and gracefully disconnect via the
-                // watch's LocalModerationKickSelf path.
-                await notifications.KickStaleSession(playerId,
-                    "Your account was signed in on another device.");
+                // (negotiate fires AFTER /player/login on the boot
+                // sequence — verified in the live trace), so the Logout
+                // push (Reason SessionTakeover) reaches only the OLDER
+                // session, which shows the client's own "signed in
+                // elsewhere" message and returns to the boot scene.
+                await notifications.LogoutStaleSession(playerId);
             }
         }
         return Ok(Array.Empty<object>());
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Hubs/NotifyHub.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Hubs/NotifyHub.cs
index c7db3b7..301e132 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Hubs/NotifyHub.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Hubs/NotifyHub.cs
@@ -27,15 +27,16 @@ namespace DorkNet.Server.Hubs;
 /// Pre-PR-2 used a local <c>static ConcurrentDictionary</c> which only
 /// reflected this replica's connections.
 ///
-/// Hub methods invoked by the client (verified by string-literal scan
-/// of metadata at addresses 0x39b2470, 0x39b24c8, 0x39b4ba8):
-///   "Subscribe"          - generic topic subscribe
-///   "Unsubscribe"        - generic topic unsubscribe
-///   "SubscribeToPlayers" - subscribe to per-player events (used by
-///                          RecNet.NotificationManager / SubscribeToPlayers)
-/// All accept JsonElement so we don't lock ourselves into a parameter
-/// schema we haven't verified yet, and return Task so the client's
-/// awaited Invoke completes cleanly.
+/// Hub methods the 2023-03-21 client sends (fire-and-forget, RecNet.Runtime
+/// OMHPBIEHOHN):
+///   "SubscribeToPlayers" - {PlayerIds}: players to get presence for
+///   "SubscribeTo"        - {Channels}: always empty in this build
+///   "UnsubscribeFrom"    - {Channels}: always empty in this build
+/// There is no UnsubscribeFromPlayers; SubscribeToPlayers always carries the
+/// complete set. All accept JsonElement and tolerate casing differences.
+///
+/// The client reconnects at most 3 times per login (its attempt counter is
+/// never reset), so the server must not drop healthy connections.
 /// </summary>
 [Authorize]
 public class NotifyHub(
@@ -65,28 +66,25 @@ public class NotifyHub(
             // Instead: at the moment the SECOND session's WebSocket
             // arrives, take a snapshot of the EXISTING connection ids
             // (which still belong to the original session — we haven't
-            // joined the group yet) and push a targeted ModerationKick
-            // to those ids. The watch's OnModerationKick handler at
-            // PlayerReporting.txt:1857 shows the standard moderation
-            // dialog and routes through LocalModerationKickSelf, the
-            // same graceful disconnect path the original Rec Room used
-            // for real moderator kicks.
+            // joined the group yet) and send those ids a Logout with
+            // Reason SessionTakeover. The client shows its own "signed in
+            // elsewhere" message and returns to the boot scene. (A
+            // ModerationKick only sent the old session to its dorm, still
+            // signed in.)
             //
             // Targeting specific connection ids (not the group) means
             // the new connection — about to join the group on the next
-            // line — never receives the kick, even with Redis backplane
+            // line — never receives it, even with Redis backplane
             // routing across replicas.
             var existing = presence.GetConnections(id);
             if (existing.Count > 0)
             {
                 logger.LogWarning(
-                    "[hub] second-session connect for player={PlayerId} (conn={NewConn}); kicking {OldCount} existing connection(s)",
+                    "[hub] second-session connect for player={PlayerId} (conn={NewConn}); logging out {OldCount} existing connection(s)",
                     id, Context.ConnectionId, existing.Count);
                 try
                 {
-                    await notifications.KickConnectionsAsync(
-                        existing,
-                        "Your account was signed in on another device.");
+                    await notifications.LogoutConnectionsAsync(existing);
                 }
                 catch (Exception ex)
                 {
@@ -156,36 +154,111 @@ public class NotifyHub(
         await base.OnDisconnectedAsync(exception);
     }
 
-    public Task SubscribeToPlayers(JsonElement payload)
+    /// <summary>SignalR group a connection joins to receive one player's
+    /// presence. Only presence is sent here — a subscriber must never receive
+    /// the subject's own pushes (DMs, gifts, …).</summary>
+    public static string PresenceGroupForPlayer(long playerId) => $"presence:{playerId}";
+
+    private const string SubscriptionsKey = "presence-subscriptions";
+
+    /// <summary>Most players one connection may subscribe to. The client sends
+    /// its relationships plus the players around it (dozens); anything far
+    /// past that is not a real client, and each id costs a group membership
+    /// on the backplane.</summary>
+    public const int MaxPresenceSubscriptions = 5000;
+
+    /// <summary><c>SubscribeToPlayers(PlayerSubscriptionListDTO {PlayerIds:
+    /// List&lt;int&gt;})</c> (RecNet.Runtime OMHPBIEHOHN.txt:3430): the full set
+    /// of players this client wants presence for — its relationships, the
+    /// players around it, and itself. Sent on every (re)connect and whenever
+    /// the set changes, always as the complete set, so it REPLACES the
+    /// connection's subscriptions. Presence for those players is then pushed
+    /// to <see cref="PresenceGroupForPlayer"/> by
+    /// <see cref="PresenceBroadcastService"/>, so non-friends the client is
+    /// looking at (people in the room, an open profile) stay current too.
+    ///
+    /// The caller's own id is skipped: a presence frame about the local player
+    /// is applied as a correction and moves them. An unreadable payload
+    /// leaves the current subscriptions alone rather than clearing them.
+    /// Groups live per connection on its own replica, are routed cluster-wide
+    /// by the Redis backplane, and are dropped by SignalR on disconnect.</summary>
+    public async Task SubscribeToPlayers(JsonElement payload)
+    {
+        var me = TryGetPlayerId();
+        if (!TryReadPlayerIds(payload, out var requested))
+        {
+            logger.LogWarning(
+                "[hub] SubscribeToPlayers unreadable payload player={PlayerId} conn={ConnectionId} payload={Payload}",
+                me, Context.ConnectionId, RawPayload(payload));
+            return;
+        }
+        if (me is long self) requested.Remove(self);
+        if (requested.Count > MaxPresenceSubscriptions)
+        {
+            logger.LogWarning(
+                "[hub] SubscribeToPlayers over the {Max} limit player={PlayerId} conn={ConnectionId} count={Count}; kept the current set",
+                MaxPresenceSubscriptions, me, Context.ConnectionId, requested.Count);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        var current = Context.Items.TryGetValue(SubscriptionsKey, out var existing) && existing is HashSet<long> set
+            ? set
+            : new HashSet<long>();
+        var added = requested.Except(current).ToList();
+        var removed = current.Except(requested).ToList();
+        foreach (var id in added)
+            await Groups.AddToGroupAsync(Context.ConnectionId, PresenceGroupForPlayer(id));
+        foreach (var id in removed)
+            await Groups.RemoveFromGroupAsync(Context.ConnectionId, PresenceGroupForPlayer(id));
+        Context.Items[SubscriptionsKey] = requested;
+
+        logger.LogInformation(
+            "[hub] SubscribeToPlayers player={PlayerId} conn={ConnectionId} subscribed={Count} added={Added} removed={Removed}",
+            me, Context.ConnectionId, requested.Count, added.Count, removed.Count);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary><c>SubscribeTo({Channels: List&lt;string&gt;})</c>. The
+    /// 2023-03-21 client composes it on every connect but its channel set is
+    /// always empty, so there is nothing to subscribe to; logged only.</summary>
+    public Task SubscribeTo(JsonElement payload)
     {
         logger.LogInformation(
-            "[hub] SubscribeToPlayers player={PlayerId} conn={ConnectionId} payload={Payload}",
+            "[hub] SubscribeTo player={PlayerId} conn={ConnectionId} payload={Payload}",
             TryGetPlayerId(), Context.ConnectionId, RawPayload(payload));
         return Task.CompletedTask;
     }
 
-    public Task UnsubscribeFromPlayers(JsonElement payload)
+    /// <summary>Counterpart of <see cref="SubscribeTo"/>; logged only.</summary>
+    public Task UnsubscribeFrom(JsonElement payload)
     {
         logger.LogInformation(
-            "[hub] UnsubscribeFromPlayers player={PlayerId} conn={ConnectionId} payload={Payload}",
+            "[hub] UnsubscribeFrom player={PlayerId} conn={ConnectionId} payload={Payload}",
             TryGetPlayerId(), Context.ConnectionId, RawPayload(payload));
         return Task.CompletedTask;
     }
 
-    public Task Subscribe(JsonElement payload)
+    /// <summary>Reads <c>{PlayerIds:[…]}</c> (any key casing), or a bare
+    /// array, as player ids; numbers or numeric strings.</summary>
+    public static bool TryReadPlayerIds(JsonElement payload, out HashSet<long> ids)
     {
-        logger.LogInformation(
-            "[hub] Subscribe player={PlayerId} conn={ConnectionId} payload={Payload}",
-            TryGetPlayerId(), Context.ConnectionId, RawPayload(payload));
-        return Task.CompletedTask;
-    }
-
-    public Task Unsubscribe(JsonElement payload)
-    {
-        logger.LogInformation(
-            "[hub] Unsubscribe player={PlayerId} conn={ConnectionId} payload={Payload}",
-            TryGetPlayerId(), Context.ConnectionId, RawPayload(payload));
-        return Task.CompletedTask;
+        ids = new HashSet<long>();
+        var list = payload;
+        if (payload.ValueKind == JsonValueKind.Object)
+        {
+            var match = payload.EnumerateObject()
+                .Where(prop => string.Equals(prop.Name, "PlayerIds", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                .Select(prop => (JsonElement?)prop.Value)
+                .FirstOrDefault();
+            if (match is not JsonElement value) return false;
+            list = value;
+        }
+        if (list.ValueKind != JsonValueKind.Array) return false;
+        foreach (var item in list.EnumerateArray())
+        {
+            if (item.ValueKind == JsonValueKind.Number && item.TryGetInt64(out var n) && n > 0) ids.Add(n);
+            else if (item.ValueKind == JsonValueKind.String && long.TryParse(item.GetString(), out var p) && p > 0) ids.Add(p);
+        }
+        return true;
     }
 
     private long? TryGetPlayerId()
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Services/LevelService.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Services/LevelService.cs
index e2ec3ca..8cf154b 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Services/LevelService.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Services/LevelService.cs
@@ -41,6 +41,13 @@ public class LevelService(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationService notifications
         player.Level = LevelForXp(player.XP);
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
 
+        // Live level bar: "PlayerProgressionLevelUpdate" {PlayerId, Level, XP}
+        // (handler PBOGNAPEBAI.txt:263, DTO DGFGIFIHCAJ) — the same values
+        // api/players/v2/progression returns. Without it the watch kept the
+        // level and XP it loaded at login until the next relog.
+        await notifications.NotifyTypedAsync(playerId, "PlayerProgressionLevelUpdate",
+            new { PlayerId = (int)playerId, player.Level, player.XP });
+
         if (player.Level > oldLevel)
         {
             // Level-up grants a small currency reward. The wallet UI
@@ -82,9 +89,13 @@ public class LevelService(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationService notifications
         row.UpdatedAt = DateTime.UtcNow;
         await db.SaveChangesAsync();
 
+        // StorefrontBalanceUpdate "61" is BalanceResponseDTO {Balance,
+        // CurrencyType, Platform}; the client sets that (CurrencyType,
+        // Platform) bucket to Balance. Platform 0 matches every balance REST
+        // response, so the buckets line up.
         await notifications.NotifyAsync(playerId,
             PushNotificationId.StorefrontBalanceUpdate,
-            new { CurrencyType = currencyType, row.Balance, Reason = reason });
+            new { row.Balance, CurrencyType = currencyType, Platform = 0 });
         return row.Balance;
     }
 
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Services/NotificationService.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Services/NotificationService.cs
index ad39efa..4f9572d 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Services/NotificationService.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Services/NotificationService.cs
@@ -212,25 +212,17 @@ public class NotificationService(
 
     // ── Higher-level event helpers ─────────────────────────────────────
 
-    public Task FriendRequestReceived(long targetPlayerId, long fromPlayerId) =>
-        NotifyAsync(targetPlayerId, PushNotificationId.RelationshipChanged,
-            new { Reason = "FriendRequestReceived", From = fromPlayerId });
-
-    public Task FriendRequestAccepted(long requesterPlayerId, long byPlayerId) =>
-        NotifyAsync(requesterPlayerId, PushNotificationId.RelationshipChanged,
-            new { Reason = "FriendRequestAccepted", By = byPlayerId });
-
-    public Task FriendRequestDeclined(long requesterPlayerId, long byPlayerId) =>
-        NotifyAsync(requesterPlayerId, PushNotificationId.RelationshipChanged,
-            new { Reason = "FriendRequestDeclined", By = byPlayerId });
-
-    public Task FriendRemoved(long otherPlayerId, long byPlayerId) =>
-        NotifyAsync(otherPlayerId, PushNotificationId.RelationshipChanged,
-            new { Reason = "FriendRemoved", By = byPlayerId });
-
-    public Task FriendBlocked(long blockedPlayerId, long byPlayerId) =>
-        NotifyAsync(blockedPlayerId, PushNotificationId.RelationshipChanged,
-            new { Reason = "FriendBlocked", By = byPlayerId });
+    /// <summary>Push one relationship row to <paramref name="recipientPlayerId"/>.
+    /// <paramref name="relationship"/> must be the recipient's OWN view of the
+    /// pair — the same <c>{PlayerID, RelationshipType, Muted, Ignored,
+    /// Favorited}</c> object <c>api/relationships/v2/get</c> returns. The 2023
+    /// handler (<c>EEGNOHOELBG.FOCBJAIDCBB</c>, Relationship
+    /// <c>ECGNEHMCGCN</c>) stores it under its <c>PlayerID</c> and raises the
+    /// changed event, which refreshes the friends list and the client's
+    /// SubscribeToPlayers set. Any other shape parses as PlayerID 0 and the
+    /// real row never updates.</summary>
+    public Task RelationshipChanged(long recipientPlayerId, object relationship) =>
+        NotifyAsync(recipientPlayerId, PushNotificationId.RelationshipChanged, relationship);
 
     /// <summary>Push a presence delta so subscribed friends re-render
     /// their friend-list row without waiting for the watch's 15-45 s
@@ -270,6 +262,23 @@ public class NotificationService(
         await hub.Clients.Groups(groups).SendAsync(HubMethod, payload);
     }
 
+    /// <summary>Push one player's presence to every connection that subscribed
+    /// to them with <c>SubscribeToPlayers</c>, except
+    /// <paramref name="excludeConnectionIds"/> — the subject's own connections
+    /// (a frame about the local player moves them) and anyone already sent the
+    /// frame through their friend group.</summary>
+    public async Task PresenceToSubscribersAsync(
+        long playerId,
+        RoomInstanceDto? room,
+        bool isOnline,
+        int statusVisibility,
+        IReadOnlyList<string> excludeConnectionIds)
+    {
+        var payload = BuildPresenceUpdatePayload(playerId, room, isOnline, statusVisibility);
+        await hub.Clients.GroupExcept(NotifyHub.PresenceGroupForPlayer(playerId), excludeConnectionIds)
+            .SendAsync(HubMethod, payload);
+    }
+
     /// <summary>The PresenceUpdate envelope for one player, as a JSON string.
     ///
     /// <paramref name="isOnline"/> is independent of the room: the 2023
@@ -349,86 +358,85 @@ public class NotificationService(
     public Task PlayerEnteredRoom(IEnumerable<long> friendIds, long playerId, RoomInstanceDto room) =>
         PlayerPresenceChanged(friendIds, playerId, room);
 
-    /// <summary>Force every currently-connected SignalR session for
-    /// <paramref name="playerId"/> to disconnect via the watch's
-    /// ModerationKick flow. Wire path verified against decompilation:
-    ///   <c>PushNotificationId.ModerationKick = 22</c> is registered
-    ///   by <c>LCCEEFHOBEN.OFFLOPLJBBG</c> via the enum overload.
-    ///   <c>LCCEEFHOBEN.KEIAFMLIMFA(Dictionary)</c> reads
-    ///   <c>Msg.Reason</c> as a ModerationBlockDetail object, then
-    ///   calls <c>PODFHPNOHGB</c> / <c>BootLocalPlayerToDormRoom</c>.
-    ///
-    /// Used by <see cref="Controllers.Match.MatchPlayerController.PlayerLogin"/>
-    /// to enforce single-session-per-account: when a second login on
-    /// the same account replaces the LoginLock, the older SignalR
-    /// connections are kicked. The new session hasn't called
-    /// <c>negotiate</c> yet (it happens AFTER /player/login on the
-    /// boot sequence), so the kick only hits old sessions.
-    /// </summary>
-    public Task KickStaleSession(long playerId, string reason) =>
-        NotifyAsync(playerId, PushNotificationId.ModerationKick,
-            ModerationKickPayload(reason, isBan: false, source: "session_replaced"));
+    /// <summary>Client logout reasons (<c>Logout</c> "6" payload <c>Reason</c>,
+    /// enum <c>MPJOEALLGHE</c>, read by formatter <c>PBEDEFHAHID</c>). The
+    /// value must go out as a NUMBER: release builds obfuscate enum names, so a
+    /// string like "AdminPasswordReset" fails the parse and the whole push is
+    /// dropped. <c>SessionManager.JNNAOHMNGEM</c> shows its own "signed in
+    /// elsewhere" text for <see cref="SessionTakeover"/>, then returns the
+    /// client to the boot scene for every reason.</summary>
+    public enum LogoutReason
+    {
+        Unknown = 0,
+        UserInitiated = 1,
+        SessionTakeover = 2,
+        ForciblyLoggedOut = 3,
+        Banned = 4,
+    }
 
-    public Task KickPlayerAsync(long playerId, string reason, bool isBan = false) =>
-        NotifyAsync(playerId, PushNotificationId.ModerationKick,
-            ModerationKickPayload(reason, isBan, source: "admin_kick"));
+    /// <summary>Log every session of <paramref name="playerId"/> out to the
+    /// boot scene. Use this, not a kick, when the player must not stay signed
+    /// in: a ModerationKick only sends them to their dorm.</summary>
+    public Task LogoutAsync(long playerId, LogoutReason reason) =>
+        NotifyAsync(playerId, PushNotificationId.Logout, new { Reason = (int)reason });
 
-    /// <summary>Push a ModerationKick to a specific set of SignalR
-    /// connection ids — used by <see cref="DorkNet.Server.Hubs.NotifyHub.OnConnectedAsync"/>
-    /// to evict the previous session when a new device connects on the
-    /// same account. Targets specific ids (not the player group) so
-    /// the brand-new connection joining the group right after this
-    /// returns can't accidentally receive its own eviction notice.
-    /// Works across replicas because SignalR's Redis backplane routes
+    /// <summary>Single-session-per-account: when a second login replaces the
+    /// LoginLock, log the older session out. The new session hasn't called
+    /// <c>negotiate</c> yet (it happens AFTER /player/login on the boot
+    /// sequence), so only the old session's connections receive it.</summary>
+    public Task LogoutStaleSession(long playerId) =>
+        LogoutAsync(playerId, LogoutReason.SessionTakeover);
+
+    /// <summary>The same takeover logout, sent to specific SignalR connection
+    /// ids — used by <see cref="DorkNet.Server.Hubs.NotifyHub.OnConnectedAsync"/>
+    /// to evict the previous session when a new device connects on the same
+    /// account. Targets ids (not the player group) so the brand-new
+    /// connection, which joins the group right after, never receives it. Works
+    /// across replicas because the Redis backplane routes
     /// <c>Clients.Clients(ids)</c> to whichever node owns each id.</summary>
-    public Task KickConnectionsAsync(IReadOnlyCollection<string> connectionIds, string reason)
+    public Task LogoutConnectionsAsync(IReadOnlyCollection<string> connectionIds)
     {
         if (connectionIds.Count == 0) return Task.CompletedTask;
-        var payload = Serialize(PushNotificationId.ModerationKick,
-            ModerationKickPayload(reason, isBan: false, source: "session_replaced"));
+        var payload = Serialize(PushNotificationId.Logout, new { Reason = (int)LogoutReason.SessionTakeover });
         return hub.Clients.Clients(connectionIds).SendAsync(HubMethod, payload);
     }
 
-    private static object ModerationKickPayload(string reason, bool isBan, string source)
+    /// <summary>Kick <paramref name="playerId"/> back to their dorm with
+    /// <paramref name="reason"/> shown in the kick dialog. The player stays
+    /// signed in; use <see cref="LogoutAsync"/> for bans and deletions.
+    /// Pass the room instance the player is in as
+    /// <paramref name="gameSessionId"/> to have the client announce the kick
+    /// to that room.</summary>
+    public Task KickPlayerAsync(long playerId, string reason, long gameSessionId = 0) =>
+        NotifyAsync(playerId, PushNotificationId.ModerationKick, ModerationKickPayload(reason, gameSessionId));
+
+    /// <summary>ModerationKick "22" payload: the FLAT moderation block
+    /// <c>PIBLFGPOCIB</c> (formatter <c>LAIJIAIHGCO</c>). The kick handler
+    /// (<c>SessionManager</c> HandleModerationKicked) starts from its own
+    /// "Kicked to Dormroom" text and only adds a reason as
+    /// a "Reason: " line from <c>VoteKickReason</c> when <c>ReportCategory</c> is 10
+    /// (VoteKick) and <c>IsHostKick</c> is false; <c>Message</c> is never
+    /// shown. When <c>GameSessionId</c> is the kicked player's current room
+    /// instance it also broadcasts the kick to that room, and
+    /// <c>Duration</c> &gt; 0 starts a timeout, so it stays 0. The old nested
+    /// <c>{Reason:{…}}</c> shape (from the 2020 client) parsed to all defaults,
+    /// which booted the player but dropped every reason.</summary>
+    private static object ModerationKickPayload(string reason, long gameSessionId)
     {
-        var message = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(reason)
-            ? "Kicked to Dormroom"
-            : reason.Trim();
-
-        var blockDetail = new
-        {
-            ReportCategory = 10, // PlayerReporting.ReportCategory.VoteKick
-            Duration = 0,
-            GameSessionId = 0L,
-            Message = message,
-            IsHostKick = true,
-            PlayerIdReporter = 1,
-            IsBan = isBan,
-            VoteKickReason = message,
-        };
-
+        var message = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(reason) ? "Kicked to Dormroom" : reason.Trim();
         return new
         {
-            Reason = blockDetail,
-            DisplayReason = message,
-            BannedByPlayerId = 1,
-            Source = source,
+            ReportCategory = 10, // VoteKick: the only category that shows a reason
+            Duration = 0,
+            GameSessionId = gameSessionId,
+            IsHostKick = false,
+            Message = message,
+            PlayerIdReporter = (int?)null,
+            IsBan = false,
+            IsVoiceModAutoban = false,
+            IsWarning = false,
+            VoteKickReason = message,
+            TimeoutStartedAt = (DateTime?)null,
         };
     }
-
-    /// <summary>Notify a private-instance owner that someone tried to
-    /// follow them in via "Go to Player" but was rejected for not
-    /// being on the invite list. Reuses the MessageReceived channel
-    /// since the watch already renders that as an inbox toast — no
-    /// new client-side handler needed. The body wording surfaces it
-    /// as "Player X tried to join your private match" so the owner
-    /// knows to send an explicit invite if they want to let them in.</summary>
-    public Task PrivateInstanceJoinRejected(long ownerPlayerId, long attemptedByPlayerId) =>
-        NotifyAsync(ownerPlayerId, PushNotificationId.MessageReceived,
-            new
-            {
-                Reason = "PrivateInstanceJoinRejected",
-                AttemptedBy = attemptedByPlayerId,
-                Preview = $"Player {attemptedByPlayerId} tried to join your private match",
-            });
 }
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Services/OnlinePresenceService.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Services/OnlinePresenceService.cs
index a783fee..1d0bc26 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Services/OnlinePresenceService.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Services/OnlinePresenceService.cs
@@ -148,6 +148,34 @@ public class OnlinePresenceService
         lock (set) return set.ToArray();
     }
 
+    /// <summary>Connection ids of every player in <paramref name="playerIds"/>,
+    /// in one go: the Redis lookups are issued together, so the multiplexer
+    /// pipelines them into one round trip instead of one per player.</summary>
+    public async Task<IReadOnlyCollection<string>> GetConnectionsAsync(IEnumerable<long> playerIds)
+    {
+        var ids = playerIds.Distinct().ToArray();
+        if (ids.Length == 0) return Array.Empty<string>();
+        if (_redis is { } mux)
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                var db = mux.GetDatabase();
+                var sets = await Task.WhenAll(ids.Select(id => db.SetMembersAsync(ConnsKey(id))));
+                return sets.SelectMany(s => s).Select(v => v.ToString()).ToArray();
+            }
+            catch
+            {
+                // Redis sick → fall through to the local fallback, as
+                // GetConnections does.
+            }
+        }
+        var result = new List<string>();
+        foreach (var id in ids)
+            if (_localConns.TryGetValue(id, out var set))
+                lock (set) result.AddRange(set);
+        return result;
+    }
+
     /// <summary>Snapshot of currently-online player ids across the
     /// cluster. Returns an empty array when nobody's online; never null.
     /// Callers typically <c>.ToHashSet()</c> the result for membership
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Services/PresenceBroadcastService.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Services/PresenceBroadcastService.cs
index e0f367f..2257216 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Services/PresenceBroadcastService.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Services/PresenceBroadcastService.cs
@@ -36,7 +36,10 @@ public static class PresenceVisibility
 /// RecNet.Runtime/RecNet/Matchmaking.txt:1436) feeds the payload straight into
 /// FLAOOBNJAAD (:6917), the same routine the heartbeat uses to apply an out-of-sync
 /// correction (:18467). A frame about the LOCAL player therefore moves that player, so
-/// these frames go to friends only, never to the subject.
+/// these frames never go to the subject. They go to the subject's friends and to every
+/// other connection that subscribed to the subject with SubscribeToPlayers (see
+/// NotifyHub.SubscribeToPlayers); non-friends only see the real presence when it is
+/// Public.
 /// </summary>
 public sealed class PresenceBroadcastService(
     IServiceScopeFactory scopes,
@@ -58,7 +61,7 @@ public sealed class PresenceBroadcastService(
         presence.IsRecentlyActive(playerId) || connections.GetConnections(playerId).Count > 0;
 
     /// <summary>Push the player's current presence (online state + committed
-    /// room) to every friend.</summary>
+    /// room) to every friend and subscriber.</summary>
     public Task PublishCurrentAsync(long playerId) => PublishAsync(playerId, forceOffline: false);
 
     /// <summary>Push an offline frame regardless of any lingering markers —
@@ -105,7 +108,6 @@ public sealed class PresenceBroadcastService(
                 .Where(id => id != playerId)
                 .Distinct()
                 .ToList();
-            if (friendIds.Count == 0) return;
 
             var online = !forceOffline && IsOnline(playerId);
             var room = online ? presence.GetRoom(playerId) : null;
@@ -134,6 +136,23 @@ public sealed class PresenceBroadcastService(
                 await notifications.PlayerPresenceChanged(visibleTo, playerId, room, online, visibility);
             if (hiddenFrom.Count > 0)
                 await notifications.PlayerPresenceChanged(hiddenFrom, playerId, null, false, visibility);
+
+            // Everyone else who subscribed to this player (SubscribeToPlayers:
+            // people in the same room, an open profile). They are not friends,
+            // so they see the real presence only when it is Public, and the
+            // offline frame otherwise. Friends were served above and the
+            // subject must never get a frame about themselves, so their
+            // connections are excluded.
+            // Only friends who are online have connections; one call for the
+            // online set, then one pipelined lookup for all of them.
+            var onlineIds = connections.OnlinePlayerIds().ToHashSet();
+            var exclude = (await connections.GetConnectionsAsync(
+                    friendIds.Where(onlineIds.Contains).Append(playerId)))
+                .Distinct()
+                .ToList();
+            var publicToAll = visibility == PresenceVisibility.Public && online;
+            await notifications.PresenceToSubscribersAsync(
+                playerId, publicToAll ? room : null, publicToAll, visibility, exclude);
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
         {
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Services/SystemNotificationService.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Services/SystemNotificationService.cs
index 8aaf9f1..0614038 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Services/SystemNotificationService.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Services/SystemNotificationService.cs
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ public sealed class SystemNotificationService(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationS
     /// listed; add more as needed.</summary>
     public static class MessageType
     {
+        public const int FriendInvite = 4;
+        public const int RequestGameInvite = 10;
         public const int TextMessage = 30;
         public const int FriendRequestAccepted = 40;
         public const int FriendCodeUsed = 41;
@@ -39,6 +41,8 @@ public sealed class SystemNotificationService(DorkNetDbContext db, NotificationS
         public const int CreatorPublishedNewRoom = 70;
         public const int PlayerAttendingEvent = 80;
         public const int PlayerEventInvitation = 81;
+        public const int CoachMessage = 100;
+        public const int FriendIntroduction = 130;
     }
 
     /// <summary>Persist and push a system notification to
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/Startup/ServiceCollectionExtensions.cs b/DorkNet.Server/Startup/ServiceCollectionExtensions.cs
index 7d6dbb6..a255b0c 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/Startup/ServiceCollectionExtensions.cs
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/Startup/ServiceCollectionExtensions.cs
@@ -416,15 +416,18 @@ public static class ServiceCollectionExtensions
             kopts.Limits.MinResponseDataRate = null;
         });
 
-        // Keepalive cadence: server pings every 10s, gives the client 60s
-        // to ack before declaring the connection dead. The 10s ping forces
-        // frame traffic well below every proxy timeout we've seen in the
-        // path (Cloudflare edge ~100s, cloudflared 600s, Coolify/Traefik
-        // 180s, Kestrel 130s).
+        // Keepalive cadence: the server pings every 10s, which keeps frame
+        // traffic well below every proxy timeout we've seen in the path
+        // (Cloudflare edge ~100s, cloudflared 600s, Coolify/Traefik 180s,
+        // Kestrel 130s). The 2023 client pings every 15s, but from its main
+        // thread, so a long room-load hitch pauses its pings. It has no
+        // timeout of its own and reconnects at most 3 times per login, so a
+        // healthy socket the server drops can leave it without live
+        // notifications for the rest of the session. Give it 180s.
         var signalR = builder.Services.AddSignalR(opts =>
         {
             opts.KeepAliveInterval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10);
-            opts.ClientTimeoutInterval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60);
+            opts.ClientTimeoutInterval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(180);
             opts.HandshakeTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(15);
             // Allow large gift / community-board payloads (default 32 KB
             // truncates anything bigger and disconnects the client).
diff --git a/DorkNet.Server/admin-ui/src/pages/Broadcast.tsx b/DorkNet.Server/admin-ui/src/pages/Broadcast.tsx
index 4ef767d..2b3db78 100644
--- a/DorkNet.Server/admin-ui/src/pages/Broadcast.tsx
+++ b/DorkNet.Server/admin-ui/src/pages/Broadcast.tsx
@@ -5,18 +5,32 @@ import { useToast } from '../components/Toast';
 
 export function Broadcast() {
   const [message, setMessage] = useState('');
+  const [minutes, setMinutes] = useState('');
   const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false);
   const toast = useToast();
 
+  const startsInMinutes = minutes.trim() === '' ? null : Number(minutes);
+  const minutesValid = startsInMinutes === null || (Number.isInteger(startsInMinutes) && startsInMinutes >= 0);
+  const canSend = !busy && minutesValid && (message.trim() !== '' || startsInMinutes !== null);
+
   const send = async (e: React.FormEvent) => {
     e.preventDefault();
-    if (!message.trim()) return;
-    if (!confirm(`Broadcast this to every connected player?\n\n"${message}"`)) return;
+    if (!canSend) return;
+    const parts = [
+      message.trim() && `"${message.trim()}"`,
+      startsInMinutes !== null &&
+        (startsInMinutes === 0 ? 'Cancel the maintenance countdown' : `Maintenance countdown: ${startsInMinutes} min`),
+    ].filter(Boolean);
+    if (!confirm(`Broadcast this to every connected player?\n\n${parts.join('\n')}`)) return;
     setBusy(true);
     try {
-      await api('/broadcast', { method: 'POST', body: { Message: message } });
-      toast.push('Broadcast sent', 'success');
+      const res = await api<{ recipients: number }>('/broadcast', {
+        method: 'POST',
+        body: { Message: message.trim() || null, StartsInMinutes: startsInMinutes },
+      });
+      toast.push(`Broadcast sent to ${res.recipients} player(s)`, 'success');
       setMessage('');
+      setMinutes('');
     } catch (e) {
       toast.push((e as Error).message, 'error');
     } finally {
@@ -28,7 +42,7 @@ export function Broadcast() {
     <div>
       <PageHeader
         title="Broadcast"
-        blurb="Push a server-maintenance notification to every connected player. The watch shows it as a system toast."
+        blurb="Message every connected player. The message lands in their in-game notifications from the system account; the optional countdown starts the game's own maintenance timer."
       />
 
       <form onSubmit={send} className="card !p-5 max-w-2xl">
@@ -39,14 +53,33 @@ export function Broadcast() {
           rows={5}
           className="input mt-1.5 font-mono text-sm"
           placeholder="Server going down for maintenance in 5 minutes — log out cleanly to avoid losing your dorm save."
-          required
         />
         <div className="mt-2 text-xs text-ink-400">
           {message.length} characters
         </div>
+
+        <label className="label mt-4">Maintenance countdown (minutes, optional)</label>
+        <input
+          value={minutes}
+          onChange={e => setMinutes(e.target.value)}
+          inputMode="numeric"
+          className="input mt-1.5 w-40 text-sm"
+          placeholder="e.g. 5"
+        />
+        <div className="mt-2 text-xs text-ink-400">
+          {minutesValid ? 'Leave empty for no countdown; 0 cancels a running one.' : 'Enter a whole number of minutes.'}
+        </div>
+
         <div className="mt-4 flex gap-2 justify-end">
-          <button type="button" onClick={() => setMessage('')} className="btn-ghost text-xs" disabled={busy || !message}>Clear</button>
-          <button className="btn-primary text-xs" disabled={busy || !message.trim()}>
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            onClick={() => { setMessage(''); setMinutes(''); }}
+            className="btn-ghost text-xs"
+            disabled={busy || (!message && !minutes)}
+          >
+            Clear
+          </button>
+          <button className="btn-primary text-xs" disabled={!canSend}>
             {busy ? 'Sending…' : 'Send broadcast'}
           </button>
         </div>
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index d2a7f6c..e2e9306 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -38,10 +38,12 @@ What the 2023 client gets here that the 2020 branches don't have:
   `DorkNet.Server.Tests/ClientRouteCoverageTests.cs` fails the build if one
   regresses. Routes, verbs and wire shapes are in
   [docs/recroom-2023-client-api-complete.md](docs/recroom-2023-client-api-complete.md).
-- **Realtime over the SignalR hub** (`hub/v1` on the notify host): numeric
-  push ids, presence updates to friends that honour each player's
-  online-status visibility, and account updates when someone edits their
-  profile.
+- **Realtime over the SignalR hub** (`hub/v1` on the notify host): every
+  push matches the client's own reader — friends, messages, kicks and
+  logouts, gifts, balances, consumables, player events, level-ups and
+  account updates — and presence reaches both friends and any player who
+  subscribed to you, honouring your online-status visibility:
+  [docs/recroom-2023-notifications.md](docs/recroom-2023-notifications.md).
 - **Room saves and sub-rooms** through the storage host, plus cloning and
   private instances:
   [docs/recroom-2023-room-save.md](docs/recroom-2023-room-save.md).
diff --git a/docs/recroom-2023-client-api-complete.md b/docs/recroom-2023-client-api-complete.md
index 9ddb0c0..40c6bc7 100644
--- a/docs/recroom-2023-client-api-complete.md
+++ b/docs/recroom-2023-client-api-complete.md
@@ -120,17 +120,19 @@ Defect classes:
 ## Realtime (SignalR) surface
 
 Not every request is HTTP. The client opens a SignalR hub at `{0}hub/v1`
-(`RecNet.Runtime/OMHPBIEHOHN`, negotiate + `hub/v1`).
+(`RecNet.Runtime/OMHPBIEHOHN`, negotiate + `hub/v1`). The full push
+contract — every handler key, its payload, and what DorkNet sends — is in
+[recroom-2023-notifications.md](recroom-2023-notifications.md).
 
 - Server→client messages arrive on the hub method named **`"Notification"`**
   (singular) carrying a **single `string`** argument whose content is JSON
   `{"Id":..., "Msg":...}`. The handler is registered as `Action<string>`.
   Sending `ReceiveNotification`, or passing an object instead of a string,
   makes every push silently vanish.
-- Client→server: `SubscribeToPlayers` / `UnsubscribeFromPlayers`, plus
-  `"SubscribeTo"` / `"UnsubscribeFrom"` prefixes composed at runtime.
-- Presence pushes are routed by the friend graph server-side, so the
-  subscription calls are advisory rather than load-bearing.
+- Client→server: `SubscribeToPlayers` (`{PlayerIds}`), plus
+  `SubscribeTo` / `UnsubscribeFrom` (`{Channels}`, always empty).
+- `SubscribeToPlayers` is load-bearing: it is how the client gets presence
+  for players who aren't friends (people in the room, an open profile).
 
 ### Push dispatch keys — the numeric-vs-name trap
 
@@ -160,10 +162,11 @@ So **send the number**, except for these six, which are string-keyed:
 | 95 CommunityBoardUpdate | `CommunityBoardUpdate` |
 
 Ids the 2023 client registers NO handler for — sending them is a no-op:
-4, 15 (numeric form), 21, **24 ModerationRoomBan**, 40, 85. Room bans must
-therefore go out as `ModerationKick` (22) with `IsBan` set; the moderation
+4, 15 (numeric form), 21, **24 ModerationRoomBan**, 40, 85. The moderation
 manager registers only 22, `ModerationUnkick` and 23
-(`RecNet.Runtime/FPIBGPIAOBI.txt:310,323,335`).
+(`RecNet.Runtime/FPIBGPIAOBI.txt:310,323,335`), and a kick (22) only sends
+the player to their dorm, so bans go out as `Logout` (6) with Reason 4
+(Banned); see recroom-2023-notifications.md.
 
 Ids the client handles that this server never sends (dead client features,
 available if wanted): 3, 5, 23, 32, 60, 110, 120, 121, plus a long tail of
@@ -173,12 +176,12 @@ string channels — `GoToFailure`, `PhotonAccessToken`, `AppVersionUpdate`,
 
 ### Hub methods
 
-The client invokes exactly one server method: `SubscribeToPlayers`, with a
-`{PlayerIds: List<int>}` payload, fire-and-forget. The `SubscribeTo`/
-`UnsubscribeFrom` composition exists in the binary but has no callers in
-this build, and `UnsubscribeFromPlayers` does not appear at all — the
-server's extra hub methods are unused but harmless. Presence is routed
-server-side by the friend graph, so these calls are advisory.
+The client sends `SubscribeToPlayers` with a `{PlayerIds: List<int>}`
+payload, fire-and-forget, on every (re)connect and whenever the set changes.
+The `SubscribeTo`/`UnsubscribeFrom` composition runs on connect but its
+channel set is always empty, and `UnsubscribeFromPlayers` does not appear at
+all. The server keeps each connection's subscriptions as `presence:{id}`
+SignalR groups and pushes those players' presence to them.
 
 ### Negotiate
 
@@ -257,7 +260,8 @@ verified against the binary before the change, and the full test suite passes.
 | `playlists accessibility/levelvoting/restrictions/warning` | PUT 405, and values were discarded | PUT added and values persisted |
 | `SignalR push `Id` (notify)` | enum NAME sent for most ids; client only registered numbers — pushes vanished | numeric by default, with the six string-keyed ids listed explicitly |
 | `SignalR SubscriptionUpdateRoom` | sent as `SubscriptionUpdateRoom`; client listens on `RoomUpdate` | sent as `RoomUpdate` |
-| `Room ban notification` | sent id 24, for which the client has no handler | sent as ModerationKick (22) with IsBan |
+| `Room ban notification` | sent id 24, for which the client has no handler | sent as ModerationKick (22) with IsBan (later replaced by Logout Reason 4, below) |
+| `Notification payloads (Oct 2026 audit)` | RelationshipChanged sent `{Reason, From}`; ModerationKick used the nested 2020 shape and lost every reason; bans, deletes and takeovers only kicked to the dorm; Logout sent an enum NAME and was dropped; ServerMaintenance sent `{Message}`; ConsumableMapping, PlayerEvent 80/81/83, admin RoomUpdate and level-up pushes had wrong or missing payloads; SubscribeToPlayers was ignored | every payload matches the client DTO; bans/deletes/takeovers are Logout with a numeric Reason; SubscribeToPlayers drives `presence:{id}` groups; see recroom-2023-notifications.md |
 | `Presence on SignalR reconnect` | disconnect pushed offline; nothing ever pushed back online, so a reconnect greyed the player out for the rest of the session | connect pushes presence (online even with no room); a drop while the player still heartbeats waits one activity window before pushing offline |
 | `POST matchmake/none` | re-committed the previous room (or the dorm), so the next heartbeat answered with a room while the client held its offline instance (-1): "presence out-of-sync", offline load cancelled, player dragged back | player is online with no room; any pending join is abandoned; heartbeat answers `roomInstance: null` until the next matchmake |
 | `Presence fan-out to friends` | only the immediate /goto commit pushed; deferred commits (matchmake/dorm, private hops), matchmake/none, logout, failed joins and statusvisibility changes were silent, and `isOnline` was derived from "has a room" | one fan-out (PresenceBroadcastService) for every transition, explicit `isOnline`, stored `statusVisibility`, never sent to the subject |
diff --git a/docs/recroom-2023-notifications.md b/docs/recroom-2023-notifications.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da88935
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/recroom-2023-notifications.md
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+# 2023 client notifications (realtime push)
+
+The contract between DorkNet and the 2023-03-21 client's notification hub.
+Sources: the client's RecNet.Runtime ISIL (`C:\tmp\recroom-2023-03-21-isil`,
+obfuscated names given as found there), cross-checked against RecFlare
+(build 20230414) where useful. Code: `DorkNet.Server/Hubs/NotifyHub.cs`,
+`Services/NotificationService.cs`, `Services/PresenceBroadcastService.cs`,
+`Services/SystemNotificationService.cs`. Tests:
+`DorkNet.Server.Tests/NotificationContractTests.cs`.
+
+## Connection
+
+- The hub is `{notify host}/hub/v1` (nameserver key `Notifications`). The
+  client opens it once, at login.
+- **Negotiate**: `POST …/hub/v1/negotiate`, no `negotiateVersion`. The client reads
+  `connectionId` and `availableTransports`, and accepts only `WebSockets`.
+- **WebSocket**: `…/hub/v1?id=<connectionId>`, JSON protocol
+  (`{"protocol":"json","version":1}`), no MessagePack.
+- **Auth**: `Authorization: Bearer` on both negotiate and the upgrade. No
+  `access_token` query string.
+- **Keep-alive**: the client pings every 15 s from its main thread and has
+  no server timeout of its own. The server pings every 10 s and allows 180 s
+  of client silence, because a long room-load hitch pauses the client's
+  pings.
+- **Reconnects: at most 3 per login.** The client's attempt counter is never
+  reset after a successful reconnect. Once the budget is spent the hub stays
+  dead, with no message, until the next login. The server must never close a
+  healthy connection.
+
+## Envelope
+
+Every push invokes the hub method **`Notification`** with **one string
+argument**, whose content is JSON:
+
+```json
+{"Id":"<key>","Msg":{...}}
+```
+
+- **`Id`** is a JSON string. It is looked up case-sensitively in the
+  client's handler table, and a miss drops the push silently.
+  - Handlers registered through the enum overload use the decimal string of
+    the id (`"2"`).
+  - The rest use a name (see the table below).
+  - `NotificationService.WireName` maps `PushNotificationId` to the key.
+- **`Msg`** is an inline JSON object of the handler's DTO, never
+  JSON-in-a-string.
+  - It is parsed strictly. Keys may be PascalCase, camelCase or all
+  lowercase, and unknown keys are skipped.
+  - A value of the wrong type (a number where a string is expected, a
+    string where an enum number is expected) throws, and the whole push is
+    dropped.
+  - A key that is missing takes its default value, which usually means the
+    push "works" but does nothing.
+
+## Hub calls (client → server)
+
+| Method | Payload | Server |
+|---|---|---|
+| `SubscribeToPlayers` | `{PlayerIds: List<int>}`: the client's relationships, the players around it, and itself. Sent on every (re)connect and whenever the set changes, always the complete set. | Replaces the connection's subscriptions. The connection is put in a `presence:{id}` group per player (own id skipped), and `PresenceBroadcastService` pushes those players' presence to those groups. Only presence, never the subject's other pushes. An unreadable payload keeps the current set. |
+| `SubscribeTo` / `UnsubscribeFrom` | `{Channels: List<string>}`, always empty in this build | logged only |
+
+There is no `UnsubscribeFromPlayers`.
+
+## Handler table
+
+These are the handlers the client registers. "Sent" names what DorkNet sends
+today.
+
+| Key | Msg | Sent by |
+|---|---|---|
+| `1` RelationshipChanged | `{PlayerID, RelationshipType, Muted, Ignored, Favorited}`: the recipient's own view, the same row `api/relationships/v2/get` lists | friend request / accept / remove / add / add-with-code (both players); favorite / mute / ignore and their reverses (caller only) |
+| `2` MessageReceived | `{Id, FromPlayerId (Int32), SentTime, Type, Data (string), RoomId, PlayerEventId}`, the same row `api/messages/v2/get` lists | DMs and game invites; `SystemNotificationService` (cheers, friend request Type 4, accepted Type 40, "wants to join" Type 10, coach message Type 100, event invite text) |
+| `3` MessageDeleted | `{Id}` | not sent |
+| `5` RefreshLogin | none | not sent |
+| `6` Logout | `{Reason}`: a **number**, enum Unknown 0, UserInitiated 1, SessionTakeover 2, ForciblyLoggedOut 3, Banned 4 | `NotificationService.LogoutAsync`: second-session takeover (2), account deleted or password reset (3), bans (4) |
+| `20` / `ModerationQuitGame` | none | not sent |
+| `22` ModerationKick | **flat** `{ReportCategory, Duration, GameSessionId, IsHostKick, Message, PlayerIdReporter, IsBan, IsVoiceModAutoban, IsWarning, VoteKickReason, TimeoutStartedAt}` | `KickPlayerAsync`: admin kick, close instance, in-game instant kick, join timeout |
+| `ModerationUnkick` | same as 22 | not sent |
+| `23` ModerationKickAttemptFailed | `{ReportCategory, YesVotes, NoVotes, PlayerIdReported}` | not sent |
+| `25` ServerMaintenance | `{StartsInMinutes}`; 0 cancels the countdown | admin Broadcast, when a countdown is given |
+| `30` / `31` GiftPackageReceived(Immediate) | the full gift package, as `api/avatar/v2/gifts` lists it (`AvatarGiftsController.ToWire`) | gifts, store gift purchases, free gifts, admin gifts |
+| `50` RelationshipsInvalid | none (the client refetches) | admin "everyone is friends" toggle |
+| `60` / `61` / `62` StorefrontBalance Add / Update / Purchase | 61 `{Balance, CurrencyType, Platform}`; 62 `{BalanceAddType, Delta, Balance, Platform, CurrencyType}` | `LevelService.GrantCurrencyAsync` (61), store purchase (62) |
+| `70` / `71` ConsumableMapping Added / Removed | `{Id, ConsumableItemDesc (string), Count, InitialCount, CreatedAt, ActiveDurationMinutes, IsActive, IsTransferable}` | transfer (70 to the recipient), consume (always 71, with the remaining Count) |
+| `80` / `81` PlayerEvent Created / Updated | the full player event, as `api/playerevents/v2/{id}` returns it | invites (80 to each invitee); every edit route and the broadcast setting (81 to attendees) |
+| `82` / `84` PlayerEvent Deleted / ResponseDeleted | `{PlayerEventId}` | event delete (82 to attendees), RSVP removed (84 to the creator) |
+| `83` PlayerEventResponseChanged | `{PlayerEvent, PlayerEventResponse}` | RSVP (to the creator) |
+| `100` InventionModerationStateChanged | none | not sent |
+| `AccountUpdate` / `SelfAccountUpdate` | the public / self account DTOs the account REST routes return | every profile edit, including profile image (`NotificationService.AccountChanged`) |
+| `PresenceUpdate` | `{playerId, statusVisibility, deviceClass, vrMovementMode, roomInstance, isOnline, appVersion (string)}` | `PresenceBroadcastService`, to friends and subscribers, **never to the subject** (a frame about the local player moves them) |
+| `RoomInstanceUpdate` | the room instance (`RoomInstanceDto`) | admin force-join / instance pull. It only refreshes the cached instance; the move itself comes from the next heartbeat. |
+| `RoomUpdate` | the **full room** (`FGCPNAACHIK`, `RoomsController.BuildRoomServerDetails`), not the 2020 `{Room, Scenes}` wrapper | admin role / owner changes (everyone in the room plus the changed player), admin force-join |
+| `ChatMessageReceived` | `{chatMessageId, chatThreadId, senderPlayerId, timeSent, contents}` | chat sends, to every member including the sender |
+| `PlayerLeftChat` | the same chat-message shape; only `chatThreadId` and `senderPlayerId` (the leaver) are read | leaving a group chat |
+| `PlayerProgressionLevelUpdate` | `{PlayerId, Level, XP}`, as `api/players/v2/progression` returns it | every XP award (`LevelService.AwardXpAsync`) |
+| `CommunityBoardUpdate` | community board | community board edits |
+| `ReputationUpdate`, `RoomCurrency*`, `KeepsakeInstance*`, `PhotonAccessToken`, `GoToFailure`, `AnnouncementUpdate/Delete`, `ClubMembershipUpdate`, `GameConfig.Refresh`, `PlayerSettings.Refresh`, … | see the contract notes in `recroom-2023-client-api-complete.md` | not sent |
+
+**Not registered at all** (a push with these keys is dropped): numeric 4, 11,
+12, 13, 15, 21, 24 (ModerationRoomBan), 40, 85, 90, 95.
+
+## Kicks versus logouts
+
+A ModerationKick only sends the player to their dorm, still signed in.
+
+The kick handler builds the dialog text like this:
+- It always starts from its own "Kicked to Dormroom".
+- It appends "Reason: …" from `VoteKickReason` only when `ReportCategory`
+  is 10 and `IsHostKick` is false. `Message` is never shown.
+- When `GameSessionId` is the kicked player's current room instance, it also
+  announces the kick to that room.
+- A `Duration` above 0 starts a timeout follow-up.
+
+Anything that must sign the player out uses Logout instead: bans, account
+deletion, password resets and second-session takeover. The ban check then
+refuses the banned player's next login.
+
+## Admin broadcast
+
+`POST api/admin/v1/broadcast` `{Message?, StartsInMinutes?}`:
+- `Message` becomes a coach message (MessageReceived Type 100 from the
+  system account) in every online player's notifications.
+- `StartsInMinutes` starts the client's own maintenance countdown (25).
+
+ServerMaintenance has no text field. The old `{Message}` payload was never
+shown, and it cancelled any running countdown.
+
+## Not yet done
+
+- **No offline queue.** A push sent while the player has no connection is lost.
+  Messages are stored, so they still appear in `api/messages/v2/get`.
+  RecFlare keeps the newest 500 per player and flushes them on connect.
+- The 2020 save and restore routes (`api/rooms/v4/saveData`,
+  `…/restoredata`, `api/rooms/v1/datahistory/restore`) still push the 2020
+  `RoomUpdate` wrapper and a self PresenceUpdate. The 2023 client never
+  calls them; its save (`subrooms/{n}/data`) and publish routes push
+  nothing and return the room in the HTTP reply.
+- `sendfriendintroductions` stores Type 30 text instead of FriendIntroduction
+  (130), and pushes nothing. The format of the 130 `Data` field is unknown.