Files
Campus-25/server/CampusNet/Net/PhotonUdpServer.cs
T
2026-10-14 06:59:51 +02:00

470 lines
22 KiB
C#

using System.Buffers.Binary;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace CampusNet.Net;
/// <summary>
/// Photon's ENet-style reliable UDP (wire details verified from a capture, docs/photon-wire-findings.md):
/// 12-byte packet header + N commands, per-channel reliable sequencing with acks and retransmission,
/// unreliable sequencing, fragmentation above the MTU, ping/keep-alive, server-time via ack timestamp.
/// One instance per listening port; the service on top receives whole messages per peer.
/// </summary>
public sealed class PhotonUdpServer
{
public const int Mtu = 1200;
private const int PacketHeader = 12, CommandHeader = 12;
private const byte CmdAck = 1, CmdConnect = 2, CmdVerifyConnect = 3, CmdDisconnect = 4, CmdPing = 5,
CmdReliable = 6, CmdUnreliable = 7, CmdFragment = 8, CmdServerTime = 12;
private const byte FlagReliable = 1, FlagUnsequenced = 2;
private const byte ChannelSystem = 255;
private const int PeerTimeoutMs = 12000, PingIntervalMs = 1000, MaxRetries = 8;
public readonly int Port;
public readonly string Name;
private readonly Socket _sock;
private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<EndPoint, Peer> _peers = new();
private readonly System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch _clock = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew();
private readonly Random _rng = new();
private int ServerTime => (int)_clock.ElapsedMilliseconds;
public event Action<Peer, byte[], bool>? OnMessage; // a complete message (0xF3 ...), reliable?
public event Action<Peer>? OnDisconnect;
public event Action<Peer>? OnConnect;
public PhotonUdpServer(string name, int port)
{
Name = name; Port = port;
_sock = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
try { _sock.IOControl(-1744830452, new byte[] { 0 }, null); } catch { } // SIO_UDP_CONNRESET off (Windows)
_sock.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, port));
}
public int PeerCount => _peers.Count;
public IEnumerable<Peer> Peers => _peers.Values;
// ------------------------------------------------------------ peer
public sealed class Peer
{
public readonly EndPoint Remote;
public readonly short PeerId;
public int Challenge;
public bool Connected;
public long LastRecv, LastPing, LastSend;
public int Rtt = 200;
public object? Session; // the service's per-connection state
internal readonly Dictionary<byte, ChannelState> Channels = new();
internal readonly List<PendingAck> AckQueue = new();
internal readonly List<OutCommand> OutQueue = new();
internal readonly Dictionary<long, OutCommand> UnackedBySeq = new();
internal readonly Dictionary<long, Fragmenter> Fragments = new();
internal readonly HashSet<byte> UnknownTypesLogged = new();
internal int UnreliableOutSeq;
internal bool Disconnecting;
internal readonly TokenBucket InBytes = new(Guard.InBytesPerSec, Guard.InBytesBurst);
public readonly string Ip;
public Peer(EndPoint remote, short id) { Remote = remote; PeerId = id; Ip = Guard.IpOf(remote); }
public override string ToString() => $"{Remote}#{PeerId}";
}
internal sealed class ChannelState
{
public int ReliableOut; // last reliable seq sent
public int ReliableInExpected = 1;
public int UnreliableIn;
public readonly SortedDictionary<int, byte[]> Pending = new(); // out-of-order reliable commands (raw command bytes)
}
internal struct PendingAck { public byte Channel; public int Seq; public int SentTime; }
internal sealed class OutCommand
{
public byte Type, Channel, Flags; public int Seq; public byte[] Payload = Array.Empty<byte>();
public long FirstSent, LastSent; public int Retries; public bool Reliable => (Flags & FlagReliable) != 0;
public int Length => CommandHeader + Payload.Length;
}
internal sealed class Fragmenter { public int Count, Total; public readonly SortedDictionary<int, byte[]> Parts = new(); }
// ------------------------------------------------------------ run loop
public async Task RunAsync(CancellationToken ct)
{
Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] listening on udp/{Port}");
var buf = new byte[65536];
var tick = Task.Run(() => TickLoop(ct), ct);
while (!ct.IsCancellationRequested)
{
SocketReceiveFromResult r;
try { r = await _sock.ReceiveFromAsync(buf, SocketFlags.None, new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0), ct); }
catch (OperationCanceledException) { break; }
catch (SocketException) { continue; }
catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] recv error: {ex.Message}"); continue; }
try { HandlePacket(r.RemoteEndPoint, buf.AsSpan(0, r.ReceivedBytes)); }
catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] packet from {r.RemoteEndPoint} failed: {ex}"); }
}
await tick;
}
private async Task TickLoop(CancellationToken ct)
{
while (!ct.IsCancellationRequested)
{
try { await Task.Delay(20, ct); } catch { break; }
long now = _clock.ElapsedMilliseconds;
foreach (var p in _peers.Values)
{
try
{
lock (p)
{
if (now - p.LastRecv > PeerTimeoutMs) { DropPeer(p, "timeout"); continue; }
if (p.Connected && now - p.LastPing > PingIntervalMs)
{
p.LastPing = now;
Enqueue(p, new OutCommand { Type = CmdPing, Channel = ChannelSystem, Flags = FlagReliable });
}
// Retransmit unacked reliable commands.
foreach (var c in p.UnackedBySeq.Values.ToList())
{
int rto = Math.Clamp(p.Rtt * 2 + 50, 200, 2000) << Math.Min(c.Retries, 3);
if (now - c.LastSent < rto) continue;
if (c.Retries++ >= MaxRetries) { DropPeer(p, "unacked command"); break; }
p.OutQueue.Add(c);
}
Flush(p);
}
}
catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] tick {p}: {ex.Message}"); }
}
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------ receive
private void HandlePacket(EndPoint from, ReadOnlySpan<byte> pkt)
{
if (pkt.Length < PacketHeader) return;
short peerId = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt16BigEndian(pkt);
int count = pkt[3];
int sentTime = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(pkt.Slice(4));
int challenge = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(pkt.Slice(8));
if (!_peers.TryGetValue(from, out var peer))
{
// Only a CONNECT may create a peer.
if (pkt.Length < PacketHeader + CommandHeader || pkt[PacketHeader] != CmdConnect) return;
string ip = Guard.IpOf(from);
if (Guard.IsBanned(ip)) return;
if (!Guard.AllowConnect(ip)) { Guard.BanIp(ip, $"more than {Guard.ConnectsPerIpPer10s} connects in 10s on {Name}"); return; }
if (_peers.Values.Count(p => p.Ip == ip) >= Guard.MaxPeersPerIp)
{
Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] connect from {from} refused: {Guard.MaxPeersPerIp} peers already from {ip}");
return;
}
short id;
do { id = (short)_rng.Next(1, short.MaxValue); } while (_peers.Values.Any(p => p.PeerId == id));
peer = new Peer(from, id) { Challenge = challenge };
_peers[from] = peer;
Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] connect from {from} -> peer {id}");
}
lock (peer)
{
long nowMs = _clock.ElapsedMilliseconds;
peer.LastRecv = nowMs;
// Inbound flood: over the byte budget the packet is dropped before any decode work;
// a peer that stays over it is closed and its address cooled.
if (!peer.InBytes.Take(pkt.Length, nowMs))
{
if (peer.InBytes.DroppedSince == 1) Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] {peer} over {Guard.InBytesPerSec} B/s inbound - dropping packets");
if (nowMs - peer.InBytes.ViolatingSinceMs > Guard.FloodKickAfterSec * 1000L)
{
Guard.BanIp(peer.Ip, $"inbound flood on {Name} ({peer.InBytes.Dropped} packets dropped)");
DropPeer(peer, "inbound flood");
}
return;
}
int pos = PacketHeader;
for (int i = 0; i < count && pos + CommandHeader <= pkt.Length; i++)
{
byte type = pkt[pos], channel = pkt[pos + 1], flags = pkt[pos + 2];
int len = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(pkt.Slice(pos + 4));
int seq = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(pkt.Slice(pos + 8));
if (len < CommandHeader || pos + len > pkt.Length) break;
var body = pkt.Slice(pos + CommandHeader, len - CommandHeader);
HandleCommand(peer, type, channel, flags, seq, sentTime, body);
pos += len;
}
Flush(peer);
}
}
private void HandleCommand(Peer peer, byte type, byte channel, byte flags, int seq, int sentTime, ReadOnlySpan<byte> body)
{
if ((flags & FlagReliable) != 0 && type != CmdAck)
peer.AckQueue.Add(new PendingAck { Channel = channel, Seq = seq, SentTime = sentTime });
switch (type)
{
case CmdAck:
{
if (body.Length < 8) return;
int ackedSeq = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(body);
int ackedSent = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(body.Slice(4));
if (peer.UnackedBySeq.Remove(Key(channel, ackedSeq), out var cmd))
{
int rtt = ServerTime - ackedSent;
if (rtt >= 0 && rtt < 5000) peer.Rtt = (peer.Rtt * 7 + rtt) / 8;
}
return;
}
case CmdConnect:
{
// Answer VerifyConnect with the peer id we assigned; the rest echoes the client's connect block.
var payload = new byte[32];
if (body.Length >= 32) body.Slice(0, 32).CopyTo(payload);
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt16BigEndian(payload, peer.PeerId);
for (int i = 12; i < 32; i++) payload[i] = 0;
if (!peer.Connected)
{
peer.Connected = true;
peer.LastPing = _clock.ElapsedMilliseconds;
Enqueue(peer, new OutCommand { Type = CmdVerifyConnect, Channel = ChannelSystem, Flags = FlagReliable, Payload = payload });
OnConnect?.Invoke(peer);
}
return;
}
case CmdDisconnect:
DropPeer(peer, "client disconnect");
return;
case CmdPing:
case CmdServerTime:
return; // the ack (with our header sentTime) is the whole answer
case CmdReliable:
DeliverReliable(peer, channel, seq, body.ToArray());
return;
case CmdUnreliable:
{
if (body.Length < 4) return;
int useq = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(body);
var ch = Channel(peer, channel);
if (useq <= ch.UnreliableIn) return; // late/duplicate
ch.UnreliableIn = useq;
Dispatch(peer, body.Slice(4).ToArray(), false);
return;
}
case CmdFragment:
{
if (body.Length < 20) return;
int start = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(body);
int fcount = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(body.Slice(4));
int total = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(body.Slice(12));
int offset = BinaryPrimitives.ReadInt32BigEndian(body.Slice(16));
long key = Key(channel, start);
// The fragment header is client-supplied: bound the reassembly buffer and the number
// of half-built messages before either becomes an allocation the client controls.
if (total <= 0 || total > Guard.MaxFragmentTotal || fcount <= 0 || fcount > Guard.MaxFragmentTotal / 64 || offset < 0 || offset >= total)
{
Guard.BanIp(peer.Ip, $"bad fragment header on {Name} (total {total}, count {fcount}, offset {offset})");
DropPeer(peer, "bad fragment");
return;
}
if (!peer.Fragments.TryGetValue(key, out var f))
{
if (peer.Fragments.Count >= Guard.MaxFragmentSets) { DropPeer(peer, "too many partial fragments"); return; }
peer.Fragments[key] = f = new Fragmenter { Count = fcount, Total = total };
}
f.Parts[offset] = body.Slice(20).ToArray();
if (f.Parts.Count < f.Count) return;
peer.Fragments.Remove(key);
var whole = new byte[f.Total]; int p = 0;
foreach (var part in f.Parts.Values) { Buffer.BlockCopy(part, 0, whole, p, Math.Min(part.Length, whole.Length - p)); p += part.Length; }
// Fragments occupy reliable seqs start..start+count-1; deliver in order at `start`.
DeliverReliable(peer, channel, start, whole, fcount);
return;
}
default:
// Unknown command type: say so once per (peer, type) - a missing delivery mode
// (unsequenced variants are 11/14/15/16) shows up here instead of vanishing.
if (peer.UnknownTypesLogged.Add(type))
Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] {peer} sent command type {type} (channel {channel}, flags {flags}, {body.Length} bytes) - not handled, dropped");
return;
}
}
private static long Key(byte channel, int seq) => ((long)channel << 32) | (uint)seq;
private ChannelState Channel(Peer p, byte c) { if (!p.Channels.TryGetValue(c, out var s)) p.Channels[c] = s = new ChannelState(); return s; }
private void DeliverReliable(Peer peer, byte channel, int seq, byte[] message, int span = 1)
{
var ch = Channel(peer, channel);
if (seq < ch.ReliableInExpected) return; // duplicate (already acked above)
if (seq > ch.ReliableInExpected)
{
if (ch.Pending.Count >= Guard.MaxPendingReliable) { DropPeer(peer, "reliable window overflow"); return; }
ch.Pending[seq] = message; return;
}
ch.ReliableInExpected = seq + span;
Dispatch(peer, message, true);
while (ch.Pending.Count > 0)
{
var first = ch.Pending.First();
if (first.Key != ch.ReliableInExpected) break;
ch.Pending.Remove(first.Key);
ch.ReliableInExpected++;
Dispatch(peer, first.Value, true);
}
}
private void Dispatch(Peer peer, byte[] message, bool reliable)
{
if (message.Length == 0) return;
try { OnMessage?.Invoke(peer, message, reliable); }
catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] handler error for {peer}: {ex}"); }
}
// ------------------------------------------------------------ send
public void SendReliable(Peer peer, byte[] message, byte channel = 0)
{
lock (peer)
{
if (peer.Disconnecting) return;
int maxBody = Mtu - PacketHeader - CommandHeader;
if (message.Length <= maxBody)
{
Enqueue(peer, new OutCommand { Type = CmdReliable, Channel = channel, Flags = FlagReliable, Payload = message });
return;
}
int chunk = maxBody - 20;
int count = (message.Length + chunk - 1) / chunk;
var ch = Channel(peer, channel);
int start = ch.ReliableOut + 1;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
int off = i * chunk, len = Math.Min(chunk, message.Length - off);
var payload = new byte[20 + len];
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(payload, start);
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(payload.AsSpan(4), count);
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(payload.AsSpan(8), i);
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(payload.AsSpan(12), message.Length);
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(payload.AsSpan(16), off);
Buffer.BlockCopy(message, off, payload, 20, len);
Enqueue(peer, new OutCommand { Type = CmdFragment, Channel = channel, Flags = FlagReliable, Payload = payload });
}
}
}
public void SendUnreliable(Peer peer, byte[] message, byte channel = 0)
{
lock (peer)
{
if (peer.Disconnecting) return;
if (message.Length > Mtu - PacketHeader - CommandHeader - 4) { SendReliable(peer, message, channel); return; }
var payload = new byte[4 + message.Length];
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(payload, ++peer.UnreliableOutSeq);
Buffer.BlockCopy(message, 0, payload, 4, message.Length);
Enqueue(peer, new OutCommand { Type = CmdUnreliable, Channel = channel, Flags = 0, Payload = payload });
}
}
public void Disconnect(Peer peer, string why)
{
lock (peer)
{
if (peer.Disconnecting) return;
Enqueue(peer, new OutCommand { Type = CmdDisconnect, Channel = ChannelSystem, Flags = FlagUnsequenced });
Flush(peer);
DropPeer(peer, why);
}
}
private void Enqueue(Peer peer, OutCommand c)
{
var ch = Channel(peer, c.Channel);
if (c.Reliable)
{
c.Seq = ++ch.ReliableOut;
peer.UnackedBySeq[Key(c.Channel, c.Seq)] = c;
}
else
{
// ENet sequences unreliable commands AGAINST the channel's reliable stream: the header's
// sequence field must carry the last reliable seq sent on the channel. The receiver
// holds an unreliable command until it has that reliable command, and DISCARDS one whose
// reliable seq is older than what it already has. Stamping 0 here meant every unreliable
// event the server relayed - all the avatar movement - was thrown away as stale the
// moment the client had received its first reliable message (the join response).
c.Seq = ch.ReliableOut;
}
peer.OutQueue.Add(c);
}
/// <summary>Pack queued acks + commands into MTU-sized packets and send them.</summary>
private void Flush(Peer peer)
{
if (peer.AckQueue.Count == 0 && peer.OutQueue.Count == 0) return;
long now = _clock.ElapsedMilliseconds;
var pkt = new byte[Mtu];
int pos = PacketHeader, n = 0;
void Send()
{
if (n == 0) return;
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt16BigEndian(pkt, 0);
pkt[2] = 0; pkt[3] = (byte)n;
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(pkt.AsSpan(4), ServerTime);
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(pkt.AsSpan(8), peer.Challenge);
try { _sock.SendTo(pkt, 0, pos, SocketFlags.None, peer.Remote); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] send to {peer} failed: {ex.Message}"); }
pos = PacketHeader; n = 0;
}
void Put(byte type, byte channel, byte flags, int seq, ReadOnlySpan<byte> payload)
{
int len = CommandHeader + payload.Length;
if (pos + len > Mtu) Send();
pkt[pos] = type; pkt[pos + 1] = channel; pkt[pos + 2] = flags; pkt[pos + 3] = 4;
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(pkt.AsSpan(pos + 4), len);
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(pkt.AsSpan(pos + 8), seq);
payload.CopyTo(pkt.AsSpan(pos + CommandHeader));
pos += len; n++;
if (n == 255) Send();
}
foreach (var a in peer.AckQueue)
{
Span<byte> ap = stackalloc byte[8];
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(ap, a.Seq);
BinaryPrimitives.WriteInt32BigEndian(ap.Slice(4), a.SentTime);
Put(CmdAck, a.Channel, 0, 0, ap);
}
peer.AckQueue.Clear();
foreach (var c in peer.OutQueue)
{
if (c.Reliable) { if (c.FirstSent == 0) c.FirstSent = now; c.LastSent = now; }
Put(c.Type, c.Channel, c.Flags, c.Seq, c.Payload);
}
peer.OutQueue.Clear();
Send();
peer.LastSend = now;
}
/// <summary>Close a peer for abuse and cool its address (Guard.IpBanSec).</summary>
public void Kick(Peer peer, string why, int? banSeconds = null)
{
Guard.BanIp(peer.Ip, $"{why} on {Name}", banSeconds);
lock (peer) Disconnect(peer, why);
}
private void DropPeer(Peer peer, string why)
{
if (peer.Disconnecting) return;
peer.Disconnecting = true;
_peers.TryRemove(peer.Remote, out _);
Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] {peer} gone ({why})");
try { OnDisconnect?.Invoke(peer); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine($"[{Name}] disconnect handler: {ex}"); }
}
}